Novel cable-like tin@carbon whiskers derived from the Ti2SnC MAX phase for ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave absorption

IF 19.5 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Carbon Energy Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1002/cey2.638
Feiyue Hu, Pei Ding, Fushuo Wu, Peigen Zhang, Wei Zheng, Wenwen Sun, Rui Zhang, Longzhu Cai, Bingbing Fan, ZhengMing Sun
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Abstract

One-dimensional (1D) metals are well known for their exceptional conductivity and their ease of formation of interconnected networks that facilitate electron migration, making them promising candidates for electromagnetic (EM) attenuation. However, the impedance mismatch from high conductivity and their singular mode of energy loss hinder effective EM wave dissipation. Construction of cable structures not only optimizes impedance matching but also introduces a multitude of heterojunctions, increasing attenuation modes and potentially enhancing EM wave absorption (EMA) performance. Herein, we showcase the scalable synthesis of tin (Sn) whiskers from a Ti2SnC MAX phase precursor, followed by creation of a 1D tin@carbon (Sn@C) cable structure through polymerization of PDA on their surface and annealing in argon. The EMA capabilities of Sn@C significantly surpass those of uncoated Sn whiskers, with an effective absorption bandwidth reaching 7.4 GHz. Remarkably, its maximum radar cross section reduction value of 27.85 dB m2 indicates its exceptional stealth capabilities. The enhanced EMA performance is first attributed to optimized impedance matching, and furthermore, the Sn@C cable structures have rich SnO2/C and Sn/SnO2 heterointerfaces and the associated defects, which increase interfacial and defect-induced polarization losses, as visually demonstrated by off-axis electron holography. The development of the Sn@C cable structure represents a notable advancement in broadening the scope of materials with potential applications in stealth technology, and this study also contributes to the understanding of how heterojunctions can improve EMA performance.

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由 Ti2SnC MAX 相衍生出的用于吸收超宽带电磁波的新型电缆状锡@碳晶须
众所周知,一维(1D)金属具有超强的导电性,并且易于形成相互连接的网络,从而促进电子迁移,使其成为电磁衰减的理想候选材料。然而,高导电性带来的阻抗失配及其单一的能量损耗模式阻碍了电磁波的有效消散。构建电缆结构不仅能优化阻抗匹配,还能引入大量异质结,从而增加衰减模式,并有可能提高电磁波吸收(EMA)性能。在此,我们展示了利用 Ti2SnC MAX 相前驱体合成锡(Sn)晶须的可扩展性,然后通过在其表面聚合 PDA 并在氩气中退火来创建一维锡@碳(Sn@C)电缆结构。锡@碳的 EMA 能力大大超过了无涂层锡晶须,其有效吸收带宽达到 7.4 GHz。值得注意的是,其最大雷达截面降低值为 27.85 dB m2,这表明它具有卓越的隐身能力。EMA 性能的提高首先归功于阻抗匹配的优化,此外,Sn@C 电缆结构具有丰富的 SnO2/C 和 Sn/SnO2 异质界面及相关缺陷,这增加了界面和缺陷引起的极化损耗,离轴电子全息图可以直观地证明这一点。Sn@C 电缆结构的开发标志着在扩大隐形技术潜在应用材料范围方面取得了显著进展,这项研究还有助于人们了解异质结如何改善 EMA 性能。
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来源期刊
Carbon Energy
Carbon Energy Multiple-
CiteScore
25.70
自引率
10.70%
发文量
116
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Carbon Energy is an international journal that focuses on cutting-edge energy technology involving carbon utilization and carbon emission control. It provides a platform for researchers to communicate their findings and critical opinions and aims to bring together the communities of advanced material and energy. The journal covers a broad range of energy technologies, including energy storage, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and thermocatalysis. It covers all forms of energy, from conventional electric and thermal energy to those that catalyze chemical and biological transformations. Additionally, Carbon Energy promotes new technologies for controlling carbon emissions and the green production of carbon materials. The journal welcomes innovative interdisciplinary research with wide impact. It is indexed in various databases, including Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection/Database, Biological Science Collection/Database, CAS, DOAJ, Environmental Science Collection/Database, Web of Science and Technology Collection.
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Issue Information Cover Image, Volume 6, Number 10, October 2024 Back Cover Image, Volume 6, Number 10, October 2024 Interface and doping engineering of V2C-MXene-based electrocatalysts for enhanced electrocatalysis of overall water splitting Issue Information
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