{"title":"The evolution of the M.A.R.A. appliance from analogue to digital","authors":"V. Özkan, U. Gönner, S. Blasius","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The Mandibular Anterior Repositioning Appliance (M.A.R.A.) is a Class II fixed functional appliance invented by Douglas E. Toll in 1991. Since then, several modifications to its design have been made. From our perspective as clinicians and long-term users, having treated approximately 1000 cases collectively, the M.A.R.A. appliance is undervalued as a highly effective Class II appliance. Its versatility in addressing individual treatment needs in Class II corrections can be likened to that of a Swiss army knife.","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Seminars in Orthodontics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2024.07.002","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The Mandibular Anterior Repositioning Appliance (M.A.R.A.) is a Class II fixed functional appliance invented by Douglas E. Toll in 1991. Since then, several modifications to its design have been made. From our perspective as clinicians and long-term users, having treated approximately 1000 cases collectively, the M.A.R.A. appliance is undervalued as a highly effective Class II appliance. Its versatility in addressing individual treatment needs in Class II corrections can be likened to that of a Swiss army knife.
下颌前牙复位矫治器（M.A.R.A.）是道格拉斯-E-托尔（Douglas E. Toll）于 1991 年发明的第二类固定功能矫治器。从那时起，对其设计进行了多次修改。作为临床医生和长期使用者，我们已经治疗了大约 1000 个病例，从我们的角度来看，M.A.R.A.矫治器作为一种高效的二类矫治器被低估了。它在满足 II 类矫治中的个性化治疗需求方面的多功能性可以比作一把瑞士军刀。
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Each issue provides up-to-date, state-of-the-art information on a single topic in orthodontics. Readers are kept abreast of the latest innovations, research findings, clinical applications and clinical methods. Collection of the issues will provide invaluable reference material for present and future review.
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