Wildlife resilience in an urban landscape: understanding land-use impacts in Cape Town

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Urban Ecosystems Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1007/s11252-024-01606-1
Akinwale Oladimeji, Zoë Woodgate, M. Justin O’Riain
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Abstract

Urbanisation is rapidly transforming and fragmenting natural habitats, disrupting ecosystems and negatively impacting biodiversity. The City of Cape Town (CoCT) is situated in a global biodiversity hotspot, but sustained anthropogenic activities have resulted in the local extirpation of most medium and large mammals. A recent survey of mammals within urban protected areas of CoCT revealed that a few, mostly medium-sized generalist species, persist. It is uncertain which native mammal species, if any, inhabit the unprotected green belts and parks in suburban and urban areas of the city. A total of 37 camera trap sites were established along four transects for a period of four months between 31 January and 31 May 2022. A total of 12 terrestrial mammal species were detected, nine of which were wild native mammals and three domestic species. Most detections were in natural habitat followed by suburban, with urban areas having the lowest detection rate of wildlife. Single season hierarchical multi-species occupancy models revealed that tree cover had a significant positive effect on both community and individual species occupancy. Contrary to our predictions, neither human population density nor the extent of the impervious surface at sites significantly affected occupancy. Cape grysbok (Raphicerus melanotis) were significantly more likely to occur at sites with a higher proportion of impervious surfaces supporting other recent research, which showed this species together with water mongoose (Atilax paludinosus) and Cape porcupine (Hystrix africaeaustralis) are one of only a few native mammals that appear to persist and may even thrive in human-modified landscapes. Our findings underscore the complexity of urban biodiversity conservation and the species-specific responses to environmental factors, emphasising the importance of tree cover in urban wildlife management.

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城市景观中的野生动物复原力:了解开普敦土地使用的影响
城市化正在迅速改变和分割自然栖息地,破坏生态系统,对生物多样性产生负面影响。开普敦市(CoCT)位于全球生物多样性热点地区,但持续的人为活动已导致当地大多数中型和大型哺乳动物灭绝。最近对开普敦城市保护区内的哺乳动物进行的一项调查显示,少数哺乳动物(主要是中型综合物种)仍然存在。目前尚不清楚在城市郊区和市区未受保护的绿化带和公园中栖息着哪些本地哺乳动物物种(如果有的话)。在 2022 年 1 月 31 日至 5 月 31 日的四个月期间,沿四条横断面共设立了 37 个相机陷阱点。共发现 12 种陆生哺乳动物,其中 9 种为野生本地哺乳动物,3 种为家养哺乳动物。发现最多的是自然栖息地,其次是郊区,市区的野生动物发现率最低。单季分层多物种占有率模型显示,树木覆盖对群落和个体物种占有率都有显著的积极影响。与我们的预测相反,地点的人口密度和不透水表面的范围都不会对占有率产生显著影响。最近的其他研究表明,开普金羚(Raphicerus melanotis)与水獴(Atilax paludinosus)和开普豪猪(Hystrix africaeaustralis)是仅有的几种能在人类改造过的地貌中生存甚至繁衍的本地哺乳动物之一。我们的研究结果凸显了城市生物多样性保护的复杂性以及物种对环境因素的特定反应,强调了树木覆盖在城市野生动物管理中的重要性。
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来源期刊
Urban Ecosystems
Urban Ecosystems BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ECOLOGY
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
6.90%
发文量
113
期刊介绍: Urban Ecosystems is an international journal devoted to scientific investigations of urban environments and the relationships between socioeconomic and ecological structures and processes in urban environments. The scope of the journal is broad, including interactions between urban ecosystems and associated suburban and rural environments. Contributions may span a range of specific subject areas as they may apply to urban environments: biodiversity, biogeochemistry, conservation biology, wildlife and fisheries management, ecosystem ecology, ecosystem services, environmental chemistry, hydrology, landscape architecture, meteorology and climate, policy, population biology, social and human ecology, soil science, and urban planning.
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