Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on trigeminal-mediated headshaking in 17 horses

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1111/jvim.17194

Vanessa Franzen, Nina Alexandra Gruber, Sven Klußmann, Angelika Schoster, Anna May

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Abstract

Background

Trigeminal-mediated headshaking is a neuropathic facial pain condition in horses. No treatment has been entirely successful. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used in human medicine as a treatment for various neuropathic pain conditions, and good results have been achieved in cases of trigeminal neuralgia.

Objectives

Apply rTMS to horses with trigeminal-mediated headshaking (TMHS) and to evaluate tolerability, application of the setting, and success rate.

Animals

Seventeen horses with nonseasonal signs of TMHS.

Methods

Other underlying causes of headshaking were ruled out. The rTMS was performed under standing sedation on 5 consecutive days applying 3 sets of 500 stimulations each, with a stimulation strength of 5 Hz. Horses were evaluated on Day 1 (t0) and Day 5 (t1) of the treatment and 2 (t2) and 4 weeks (t3) afterwards using a special scoring system.

Results

The rTMS was well tolerated. Headshaking signs during exercise were decreased by 70% (Day 5; t1). Four weeks after rTMS, signs were still decreased (mean reduction of 50%) during exercise. Improvement of mean resting and exercise scores was significant (P < .05) and effect sizes between pretreatment and all time points after treatment (t1, t2, t3) were large (>±0.8).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be a promising treatment for neuropathic pain and headshaking in affected horses. Pain-free periods after treatment differ individually, and repeated treatment may be necessary. More studies should be performed to determine ideal settings for horses.

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重复经颅磁刺激对 17 匹马三叉神经介导的摇头的影响

背景三叉神经介导的摇头症是马的一种神经性面部疼痛。目前还没有完全成功的治疗方法。目的对患有三叉神经介导的摇头症（TMHS）的马匹应用经颅磁刺激（rTMS），并评估其耐受性、应用环境和成功率。连续 5 天在站立镇静状态下进行经颅磁刺激，每组 500 次，共 3 组，刺激强度为 5 Hz。在治疗的第 1 天（t0）和第 5 天（t1）以及治疗后的第 2 天（t2）和第 4 周（t3），使用特殊的评分系统对马匹进行评估。运动时的摇头症状减少了 70%（第 5 天；t1）。经颅磁刺激治疗四周后，运动时的摇头症状仍有减少（平均减少50%）。静息和运动时的平均评分改善显著（P <.05），治疗前和治疗后所有时间点（t1、t2、t3）之间的效应大小较大（>±0.8）。治疗后的无痛时间因人而异，可能需要重复治疗。应开展更多研究，以确定适合马匹的理想设置。

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.