Never again: Lessons of genocide in survivor testimonies from the Holocaust, Nanjing massacre and Rwandan genocide

IF 2.8 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL European Journal of Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1002/ejsp.3108
Johanna Ray Vollhardt, Trina Konushevci, Amer Macedonci, Hyomin Lee
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Abstract

In the aftermath of traumatic events, individuals and groups seek to make sense of these experiences. ‘Never again’ is often considered the primary lesson of genocide. Yet, people may understand this lesson in different ways, and other lessons may also be relevant. The present paper reports a qualitative content analysis of publicly available testimonies from survivors of the Holocaust, the Rwandan Genocide and the Nanjing Massacre (N = 200), examining the lessons of genocide that these survivors shared publicly. We identified six broad categories of lessons that were represented across contexts and extended the lessons commonly considered: Lessons on the individual and interpersonal level, on the ingroup level, the (inclusive) intergroup level, the universal level, and concerning both collective memories and the future. These lessons go beyond ‘never again’ and show different individual and societal obligations and insights that survivors sharing their testimony deem most important to learn from their experience of genocide.
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永不重演:大屠杀、南京大屠杀和卢旺达种族灭绝幸存者证词中的种族灭绝教训
在创伤事件发生后,个人和群体都在寻求如何理解这些经历。永不重演 "通常被认为是种族灭绝的主要教训。然而,人们可能以不同的方式理解这一教训,其他教训也可能与之相关。本文报告了对大屠杀、卢旺达种族灭绝和南京大屠杀幸存者公开提供的证词(N = 200)进行的定性内容分析,研究了这些幸存者公开分享的种族灭绝教训。我们确定了六大类不同背景下的教训,并扩展了通常认为的教训:个人和人际层面的教训、群体内层面的教训、(包容性的)群体间层面的教训、普遍层面的教训,以及关于集体记忆和未来的教训。这些教训超越了 "永不重演 "的范畴,显示了不同的个人和社会义务,以及分享其证词的幸存者认为从种族灭绝经历中汲取的最重要的启示。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Topics covered include, among others, intergroup relations, group processes, social cognition, attitudes, social influence and persuasion, self and identity, verbal and nonverbal communication, language and thought, affect and emotion, embodied and situated cognition and individual differences of social-psychological relevance. Together with original research articles, the European Journal of Social Psychology"s innovative and inclusive style is reflected in the variety of articles published: Research Article: Original articles that provide a significant contribution to the understanding of social phenomena, up to a maximum of 12,000 words in length.
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