Sensitivity of montane grassland water fluxes to warming and elevated CO2 from local to catchment scale: A case study from the Austrian Alps

IF 4.7 2区 地球科学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.101970
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Abstract

Study region: Montane grassland within the Gulling catchment, Austrian Alps. Study focus: A climate-change experiment in a grassland ecosystem used lysimeters and HYDRUS-1D models to quantify changes in evapotranspiration (ET) and groundwater recharge (GWR) due to warming (+3 °C) and elevated CO2 concentrations (ΔCO2; +300 ppm). Findings at the plot-scale were generalized and transferred to the surrounding catchment, half comprised of grassland, using three lumped rainfall–runoff models and two spatially-distributed Community Water Models, differing in soil hydraulic properties.

New hydrological insights for the region: Warming increased ET and decreased GWR and river discharge compared to ambient conditions. ΔCO2 increased stomatal resistance, which partially offset warming effects. In scenarios combining warming and ΔCO2, the impact of warming was higher than ΔCO2 effect. Elevation influenced the sensitivity of ET to warming, which was greater at the catchment scale than at the plot scale, while GWR was more sensitive to warming at the plot scale. Under dry conditions, GWR and discharge exhibited increased sensitivity to warming at both scales. HYDRUS-1D successfully reproduced lysimeter experiment results and their sensitivity to warming and ΔCO2. Despite model agreement on water flux sensitivity to climate changes, the varying response magnitudes highlight the need for a multi-model approach in climate impact assessments. This study provides insights into how climate change might impact hydrological dynamics of montane grassland systems across the Central European Alps.

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从局部到流域尺度,山地草原水通量对气候变暖和二氧化碳升高的敏感性:奥地利阿尔卑斯山案例研究
研究区域:奥地利阿尔卑斯山脉古林集水区内的山地草地。研究重点:在一个草地生态系统中进行的气候变化实验使用了传感器和 HYDRUS-1D 模型来量化气候变暖(+3 °C)和二氧化碳浓度升高(ΔCO2;+300 ppm)引起的蒸散量(ET)和地下水补给量(GWR)的变化。利用三个集合式降雨-径流模型和两个空间分布的群落水模型(土壤水力特性不同),将小区尺度的研究结果推广到周围的集水区(一半为草地):与环境条件相比,气候变暖增加了蒸散发,减少了全球降水量和河流排水量。ΔCO2 增加了气孔阻力,部分抵消了气候变暖的影响。在气候变暖与 ΔCO2 相结合的情况下,气候变暖的影响大于 ΔCO2 的影响。海拔影响蒸散发对气候变暖的敏感性,在集水区尺度上,蒸散发对气候变暖的敏感性高于在地块尺度上,而在地块尺度上,全球升温潜能值对气候变暖更为敏感。在干旱条件下,两个尺度的 GWR 和排水量对气候变暖的敏感性都有所提高。HYDRUS-1D 成功地再现了水文站实验结果及其对气候变暖和 ΔCO2 的敏感性。尽管模型在水流量对气候变化的敏感性方面达成了一致,但不同的响应程度突出表明,在气候影响评估中需要采用多模型方法。这项研究为了解气候变化可能如何影响中欧阿尔卑斯山山地草地系统的水文动态提供了见解。
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来源期刊
Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies
Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
8.50%
发文量
284
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies publishes original research papers enhancing the science of hydrology and aiming at region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions. The journal particularly welcomes research papers that deliver new insights into region-specific hydrological processes and responses to changing conditions, as well as contributions that incorporate interdisciplinarity and translational science.
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