Confinement effects on microstructure length scale selection in chill-cast stainless steel

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Materialia Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102229
Salvador Valtierra Rodriguez , Michael Greenwood , Hossein Azizi , Delin Li , Jean Benoit Levesque , Vladimir Timoshevskii , Daniel Paquet , Nikolas Provatas
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Abstract

This study reports experimental measurements of spacing selection of confined dendrite growth in chill-cast stainless steel under transient cooling conditions. This phenomenon is also explored using phase-field simulations under non-steady state cooling conditions. Two phase-field models are employed, a ternary phase-field (PF) model where Ni and Cr are explicitly simulated, and a pseudobinary model which acts as a special case. Simulations reveal a strong finite-size dependence in the primary arm spacing (PAS) of cells and dendrites. This behavior is also observed experimentally within individual grains, where dendritic fronts evolve within parent grains that impose constraints on the solidification front. Quantifying PAS by a characteristic length λ1, this metric is observed to exhibit a stick–slip behavior as the front advances, which corresponds to times in the solidification of slow (or no) change in λ1 followed by a rapid increase in λ1 caused by a succession of cell elimination events. The statistics of cell extinction are also analyzed, finding a correlation in the statistical time between extinction events and system size. Specifically, simulations reveal that the length of time of such PAS plateaus is stochastic, exhibiting a mean time that decays approximately exponentially with system size. As system size increases, this effect diminishes and a more monotonic relation between λ1 vs. front speed is observed, consistent with classic geometric theories.

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冷铸不锈钢微观结构长度尺度选择的约束效应
本研究报告了在瞬态冷却条件下,对冷铸不锈钢中封闭枝晶生长的间距选择进行的实验测量。同时还利用非稳态冷却条件下的相场模拟对这一现象进行了探讨。采用了两种相场模型,一种是明确模拟镍和铬的三元相场(PF)模型,另一种是作为特例的伪二元模型。模拟结果表明,细胞和树突的主臂间距(PAS)具有很强的有限尺寸依赖性。这种行为在单个晶粒内部的实验中也可以观察到,树枝状前沿在母晶粒内部演化,对凝固前沿施加了限制。通过特征长度 λ1 对 PAS 进行量化,可以观察到随着前沿的推进,这一度量表现出一种粘滑行为,这与凝固过程中 λ1 变化缓慢(或无变化)的时间相对应,随后由于连续的细胞消亡事件导致 λ1 快速增加。我们还分析了细胞消亡的统计数据,发现消亡事件与系统规模之间的统计时间存在相关性。具体来说,模拟显示这种 PAS 高原的时间长度是随机的,其平均时间随着系统规模的增大呈近似指数衰减。随着系统规模的增大,这种效应会减弱,λ1与前沿速度之间的关系会更加单调,这与经典的几何理论是一致的。
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来源期刊
Materialia
Materialia MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
2.90%
发文量
345
审稿时长
36 days
期刊介绍: Materialia is a multidisciplinary journal of materials science and engineering that publishes original peer-reviewed research articles. Articles in Materialia advance the understanding of the relationship between processing, structure, property, and function of materials. Materialia publishes full-length research articles, review articles, and letters (short communications). In addition to receiving direct submissions, Materialia also accepts transfers from Acta Materialia, Inc. partner journals. Materialia offers authors the choice to publish on an open access model (with author fee), or on a subscription model (with no author fee).
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