Theoretical and numerical analysis of the rock breaking process by impact hammer

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120254

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Abstract

Hydraulic impact hammers used for rock breaking play a crucial role in the mining industries, but their operation is complex and inefficient. To address these challenges, this paper investigates the rock breaking process of impact hammers. Utilizing stress wave theory, a mathematical model for impact rock breaking is established, and the size of broken rock is estimated. Subsequently, the DEM-based numerical analysis verifies the reliability of the mathematical model and elucidates the working mechanism of impact rock breaking. Additionally, the study explores the influence of different hammer parameters on the rock breaking performance. The results indicate that the essence of rock breaking lies in the formation of a rock crushed zone and the initiation and growth of cracks under the impact load, with the main macrocrack extending towards the free surface closer to the operating point. Regarding rock breaking efficiency, the impact velocity has a relatively minor influence, while the drill rod diameter shows a positive correlation with efficiency. The drill bit angle significantly affects the rock breaking efficiency and is accompanied by changes in the rock breaking pattern.

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冲击锤破岩过程的理论和数值分析

用于岩石破碎的液压冲击锤在采矿业中发挥着至关重要的作用，但其操作复杂且效率低下。为应对这些挑战，本文对冲击锤的破岩过程进行了研究。利用应力波理论，建立了冲击破岩的数学模型，并估算了破碎岩石的尺寸。随后，基于 DEM 的数值分析验证了数学模型的可靠性，并阐明了冲击破岩的工作机制。此外，研究还探讨了不同锤头参数对岩石破碎性能的影响。结果表明，岩石破碎的本质在于岩石破碎带的形成，以及在冲击载荷作用下裂缝的产生和发展，主要的大裂缝向自由表面延伸，更接近工作点。就破岩效率而言，冲击速度的影响相对较小，而钻杆直径与破岩效率呈正相关。钻头角度对岩石破碎效率的影响很大，而且伴随着岩石破碎模式的变化。

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来源期刊

Powder Technology 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

15.40%

发文量

1047

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Powder Technology is an International Journal on the Science and Technology of Wet and Dry Particulate Systems. Powder Technology publishes papers on all aspects of the formation of particles and their characterisation and on the study of systems containing particulate solids. No limitation is imposed on the size of the particles, which may range from nanometre scale, as in pigments or aerosols, to that of mined or quarried materials. The following list of topics is not intended to be comprehensive, but rather to indicate typical subjects which fall within the scope of the journal's interests: Formation and synthesis of particles by precipitation and other methods. Modification of particles by agglomeration, coating, comminution and attrition. Characterisation of the size, shape, surface area, pore structure and strength of particles and agglomerates (including the origins and effects of inter particle forces). Packing, failure, flow and permeability of assemblies of particles. Particle-particle interactions and suspension rheology. Handling and processing operations such as slurry flow, fluidization, pneumatic conveying. Interactions between particles and their environment, including delivery of particulate products to the body. Applications of particle technology in production of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, pigments, structural, and functional materials and in environmental and energy related matters. For materials-oriented contributions we are looking for articles revealing the effect of particle/powder characteristics (size, morphology and composition, in that order) on material performance or functionality and, ideally, comparison to any industrial standard.