Putative role of 6-chogaol against tramadol-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats via anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiapoptotic effects

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q1 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Tissue & cell Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.tice.2024.102562

Ayman M. Mousa , Faris A. Alrumaihi

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Abstract

Tramadol is a commonly used drug to relieve pain and avoid premature ejaculation in males with hepatotoxic effects, and 6-chogaol has potent anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties.

The work impetus is probing the hepatoprotective mechanisms of 6-chogaol against tramadol hepatoxicity. Twenty adult male rats were enrolled to obtain four equal groups [control group (G1), 6-chogaol group (G2), tramadol group (G3), and 6-chogaol+tramadol group (G4)]. Liver specimens were excised and processed to evaluate hepatocyte injury through histopathological (HP), immunohistochemical (IHC), flow cytometry, and biochemical investigations. The HP study exhibited hepatic injury in G3 hepatocytes (inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatic fibrosis, and disturbed liver structure). The IHC study showed a significant rise in caspase-3 and reduced PCNA immuno-expression (IE). Likewise, the flow cytometry and biochemical experiments exhibited a substantial elevation of apoptotic hepatocytes and the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, ALP, ALT, and AST in G3. In contrast, G4 rats significantly improved in all HP, IHC, flow cytometry, and biochemical parameters. Collectively, tramadol intake exerted harmful toxic effects on hepatocytes, whereas 6-Shogaol hampered these changes and served as a natural hepatoprotective agent. Therefore, we advise concurrent intake of 6-Shogaol supplement with tramadol to preserve the integrity of hepatic tissues.

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6-chogaol 通过抗炎、抗纤维化和抗细胞凋亡作用对白化大鼠曲马多诱导的肝毒性的推测作用

曲马多是一种常用的缓解疼痛和避免男性早泄的药物，具有肝毒性作用，而6-chaogaol具有强效的抗炎和保肝作用。20 只成年雄性大鼠分为四个等量组 [对照组 (G1)、6-茶酚组 (G2)、曲马朵组 (G3) 和 6-茶酚+曲马朵组 (G4)]。对肝脏标本进行切除和处理，通过组织病理学（HP）、免疫组化（IHC）、流式细胞术和生化检查评估肝细胞损伤。组织病理学研究显示，G3 肝细胞的肝损伤（炎症细胞浸润、肝纤维化和肝脏结构紊乱）。IHC 研究显示，Caspase-3 明显升高，PCNA 免疫表达（IE）降低。同样，流式细胞术和生化实验也显示，G3 大鼠的凋亡肝细胞和血清中 IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、ALP、ALT 和 AST 水平均大幅升高。相比之下，G4 大鼠的所有 HP、IHC、流式细胞术和生化指标均有明显改善。总之，摄入曲马多会对肝细胞产生有害的毒性作用，而 6-Shogaol 则会阻碍这些变化，并起到天然保肝作用。因此，我们建议在服用曲马多的同时服用 6-Shogaol 补充剂，以保护肝组织的完整性。

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来源期刊

Tissue & cell 医学-解剖学与形态学

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

234

期刊介绍： Tissue and Cell is devoted to original research on the organization of cells, subcellular and extracellular components at all levels, including the grouping and interrelations of cells in tissues and organs. The journal encourages submission of ultrastructural studies that provide novel insights into structure, function and physiology of cells and tissues, in health and disease. Bioengineering and stem cells studies focused on the description of morphological and/or histological data are also welcomed. Studies investigating the effect of compounds and/or substances on structure of cells and tissues are generally outside the scope of this journal. For consideration, studies should contain a clear rationale on the use of (a) given substance(s), have a compelling morphological and structural focus and present novel incremental findings from previous literature.