Reconstruction of calcite (10.4) manifests itself in the tip-assisted diffusion of water

IF 2.1 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Surface Science Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1016/j.susc.2024.122598
Lea Klausfering , Florian Schneider , Ralf Bechstein, Angelika Kühnle
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Abstract

Calcite (calcium carbonate) is the most abundant carbonate in the Earth's crust. Due to its omnipresence it plays a prominent role in fields such as geochemistry, biomineralization and industrial processes. Moreover, the interaction of water with the most stable cleavage plane, calcite (10.4), has been studied intensively, elucidating atomic-scale details of water binding and structure formation on this surface. Interestingly, calcite (10.4) reconstructs under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, exhibiting a (2 × 1) surface unit cell. Although first indications of this reconstruction have been presented more than 20 years ago, a clear confirmation of the existence has been provided only very recently. Here, we study the tip-assisted diffusion of water molecules on calcite (10.4) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. By recording images series using dynamic atomic force microscopy we follow the movement of water molecules on the surface kept at 140 K. Analyzing the change in consecutive images allows for elucidating details of the molecular movement on the surface. Most notably, the analysis reveals that water molecules occupy one type of adsorption position exclusively, while the other type is not adopted. Our analysis thus demonstrates that the (2 × 1) reconstruction manifests itself in the movement of single water molecules on this surface.

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方解石的重构(10.4)表现为尖端辅助水的扩散
方解石(碳酸钙)是地壳中含量最丰富的碳酸盐。由于方解石无处不在,它在地球化学、生物矿化和工业过程等领域发挥着重要作用。此外,人们对水与最稳定的裂解面方解石(10.4)的相互作用进行了深入研究,阐明了该表面上水结合和结构形成的原子尺度细节。有趣的是,方解石(10.4)在超高真空条件下会发生重构,显示出一个(2 × 1)表面单元格。虽然这种重构的最初迹象早在 20 多年前就已出现,但直到最近才得到明确证实。在这里,我们研究了在超高真空条件下方解石(10.4)上水分子的尖端辅助扩散。通过使用动态原子力显微镜记录系列图像,我们跟踪了保持在 140 K 的表面上水分子的运动。分析连续图像的变化,可以阐明表面上分子运动的细节。最值得注意的是,分析表明水分子只占据一种吸附位置,而另一种吸附位置则没有被采用。因此,我们的分析表明,(2 × 1)重构表现为单个水分子在该表面上的运动。
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来源期刊
Surface Science
Surface Science 化学-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
137
审稿时长
25 days
期刊介绍: Surface Science is devoted to elucidating the fundamental aspects of chemistry and physics occurring at a wide range of surfaces and interfaces and to disseminating this knowledge fast. The journal welcomes a broad spectrum of topics, including but not limited to: • model systems (e.g. in Ultra High Vacuum) under well-controlled reactive conditions • nanoscale science and engineering, including manipulation of matter at the atomic/molecular scale and assembly phenomena • reactivity of surfaces as related to various applied areas including heterogeneous catalysis, chemistry at electrified interfaces, and semiconductors functionalization • phenomena at interfaces relevant to energy storage and conversion, and fuels production and utilization • surface reactivity for environmental protection and pollution remediation • interactions at surfaces of soft matter, including polymers and biomaterials. Both experimental and theoretical work, including modeling, is within the scope of the journal. Work published in Surface Science reaches a wide readership, from chemistry and physics to biology and materials science and engineering, providing an excellent forum for cross-fertilization of ideas and broad dissemination of scientific discoveries.
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