Bubble shape instability of acoustic cavitation in molten metal used in ultrasonic casting

IF 8.7 1区 化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107064
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Abstract

In this study, we estimated the equilibrium bubble size of acoustic cavitation in a molten metal, which is basic information in ultrasonic casting. For this, the bubble shape instability of acoustic cavitation in the melt was numerically investigated by solving the Keller–Miksis equation and dynamic equation of the distortion amplitude. The acoustic cavitation bubbles are more stable in aluminum and magnesium melts than in water, and the parametric instability mainly determines the bubble stability at 20–160 kHz in molten metals. However, the afterbounce instability does not significantly affect the bubble stability in molten metals owing to the small number of bubble oscillations after the first rapid compression, and the distortion amplitude cannot grow significantly after the first compression. The bubbles in the melt become more unstable with an increase in the ultrasonic frequency owing to the corresponding increase in the bubble wall velocity. Through this stability analysis, we can estimate that the stable bubble size in the aluminum or magnesium melt is approximately three or four times larger than that in water at the same ultrasonic pressure amplitude.

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超声波铸造所用熔融金属中声波空化的气泡形状不稳定性
在这项研究中,我们估算了熔融金属中声波空化的平衡气泡尺寸,这是超声铸造的基本信息。为此,我们通过求解 Keller-Miksis 方程和变形振幅动态方程,对熔体中声波空化的气泡形状不稳定性进行了数值研究。声空化气泡在铝和镁熔体中比在水中更稳定,参数不稳定性主要决定了气泡在熔融金属中 20-160 kHz 频率下的稳定性。然而,在熔融金属中,由于第一次快速压缩后气泡振荡次数较少,后弹跳不稳定性对气泡稳定性的影响不大,而且第一次压缩后畸变振幅不会明显增大。随着超声波频率的增加,熔体中的气泡会变得更加不稳定,因为气泡壁速度会相应增加。通过这种稳定性分析,我们可以估计,在相同的超声波压力振幅下,铝或镁熔体中的稳定气泡大小大约是水中气泡大小的三到四倍。
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来源期刊
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
15.80
自引率
11.90%
发文量
361
审稿时长
59 days
期刊介绍: Ultrasonics Sonochemistry stands as a premier international journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality research articles primarily focusing on chemical reactions and reactors induced by ultrasonic waves, known as sonochemistry. Beyond chemical reactions, the journal also welcomes contributions related to cavitation-induced events and processing, including sonoluminescence, and the transformation of materials on chemical, physical, and biological levels. Since its inception in 1994, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry has consistently maintained a top ranking in the "Acoustics" category, reflecting its esteemed reputation in the field. The journal publishes exceptional papers covering various areas of ultrasonics and sonochemistry. Its contributions are highly regarded by both academia and industry stakeholders, demonstrating its relevance and impact in advancing research and innovation.
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