Pub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107268
Wenxuan Wang , Feiyan Jiang , Lujuan Xing , Yan Huang , Wangang Zhang
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound-assisted tumbling (UT) with different ultrasound powers (frequency 20 kHz, powers of 0, 300 W, 450 W and 600 W) on the quality of spiced beef as explained from the perspective of the changes of muscle fibers and myofibrillar proteins (MPs). The results showed that pH value, tenderness and yield rate of UT groups were all apparently improved compared with the single tumbling group (P < 0.05). Ultrasound-assisted tumbling treatment could loosen muscle fiber structure supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result, and the increased myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) value (P < 0.05). Additionally, an upward trend was observed in protein oxidation degree with the rise of ultrasound power level (P < 0.05), while the difference between groups in MPs solubility was not significant (P > 0.05). Above all, ultrasound-assisted tumbling treatment could effectively improve the quality of spiced beef by exacerbating the modifications in muscle fiber structure and MPs.
{"title":"Effects of ultrasound-assisted tumbling on the quality and protein oxidative modification of spiced beef","authors":"Wenxuan Wang , Feiyan Jiang , Lujuan Xing , Yan Huang , Wangang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound-assisted tumbling (UT) with different ultrasound powers (frequency 20 kHz, powers of 0, 300 W, 450 W and 600 W) on the quality of spiced beef as explained from the perspective of the changes of muscle fibers and myofibrillar proteins (MPs). The results showed that pH value, tenderness and yield rate of UT groups were all apparently improved compared with the single tumbling group (P < 0.05). Ultrasound-assisted tumbling treatment could loosen muscle fiber structure supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result, and the increased myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) value (P < 0.05). Additionally, an upward trend was observed in protein oxidation degree with the rise of ultrasound power level (P < 0.05), while the difference between groups in MPs solubility was not significant (P > 0.05). Above all, ultrasound-assisted tumbling treatment could effectively improve the quality of spiced beef by exacerbating the modifications in muscle fiber structure and MPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107268"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107284
Xiang Yu , Yanli Feng , Wenhan Ma , Xue Xiao , Jun Liu , Weiwei Dong , Yuanliang Hu , Huan Liu
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ultrasound and adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) treatments on the quality characteristics and tenderness of chicken wooden breast (CWB). Compared to normal breast, CWB exhibits distinct quality characteristics, including increased weight, higher pH, pale color, and a firmer texture. It was found that ultrasound, AMP, and their combined application significantly reduced the shear force of CWB (p < 0.05), effectively improving its tenderness. The combined treatment of ultrasound and AMP significantly decreased the filtering residues of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) and increased myofibrillar fragmentation index (p < 0.05). MPs structure analysis showed that the combined ultrasound and AMP treatment facilitated the degradation of tropomyosin, the transformation of α-helix into β-sheet, and decreased intensity of tryptophan fluorescence, promoting MPs degradation and improving CWB tenderness. Pathological analysis and scanning electron microscopy also observed muscle fiber damage and the loss of myofibrillar membrane integrity following the combined treatment. These findings highlight the potential of AMP and ultrasound treatments in the tenderization process of CWB.
{"title":"Ultrasound combined with Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate Treatment: A Strategic Approach for enhancing the tenderness of chicken wooden breast meat","authors":"Xiang Yu , Yanli Feng , Wenhan Ma , Xue Xiao , Jun Liu , Weiwei Dong , Yuanliang Hu , Huan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ultrasound and adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) treatments on the quality characteristics and tenderness of chicken wooden breast (CWB). Compared to normal breast, CWB exhibits distinct quality characteristics, including increased weight, higher pH, pale color, and a firmer texture. It was found that ultrasound, AMP, and their combined application significantly reduced the shear force of CWB (<em>p</em> < 0.05), effectively improving its tenderness. The combined treatment of ultrasound and AMP significantly decreased the filtering residues of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) and increased myofibrillar fragmentation index (<em>p</em> < 0.05). MPs structure analysis showed that the combined ultrasound and AMP treatment facilitated the degradation of tropomyosin, the transformation of α-helix into β-sheet, and decreased intensity of tryptophan fluorescence, promoting MPs degradation and improving CWB tenderness. Pathological analysis and scanning electron microscopy also observed muscle fiber damage and the loss of myofibrillar membrane integrity following the combined treatment. These findings highlight the potential of AMP and ultrasound treatments in the tenderization process of CWB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107284"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fresh-cut mushrooms are gaining popularity worldwide. However, their shelf life is limited because of enzymatic browning catalyzed by polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which leads to quality loss. The effects of different treatments (dual-frequency ultrasound (DFU), electrolytic water (EW), dual-frequency ultrasound combined with electrolytic water (DFU-EW)) on the molecular structure (Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity, etc.), thermal properties, gene expression of PPO, and storage characteristics of mushrooms were investigated. The results showed that the DFU-EW decreased the relative contents of α-helix by 6.3 % and β-turns by 11.2 %, while increasing the contents of random coil and β-sheet by13.3 % and 4.7 %, respectively, compared to the control. The XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of PPO was 7% higher than the control, while the fluorescence spectroscopy and surface hydrophobicity of PPO decreased from 921.7 (a.u) and 1154.5 to 393.5 (a.u) and 506.5, respectively. The DFU-EW treatment changed both the secondary and tertiary structures of PPO. The TGA analysis indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature decreased from the control 351.4 ℃ to 336.9 ℃. The gene expression level of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 lowered. A 7-day storage period showed that DFU-EW inhibited the degree of browning, maintained the firmness of mushrooms, and stabilized the relative activity of PPO at 60% on average. Taken together, the DFU-EW treatment can effectively inactivate the PPO activity in fresh-cut mushrooms, thereby extending their shelf life, and this method provides a new insight to improve the quality of fresh-cut products.
{"title":"The mechanisms of inactivation of polyphenol oxidase in fresh-cut Agaricus bisporus by dual-frequency ultrasound combined with electrolytic water","authors":"Jian Jin, Xiaying Deng, Jiemin Zhou, Yangyang Deng, Nanlin Pan, Yilong Luo, Awwal Muhammed","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fresh-cut mushrooms are gaining popularity worldwide. However, their shelf life is limited because of enzymatic browning catalyzed by polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which leads to quality loss. The effects of different treatments (dual-frequency ultrasound (DFU), electrolytic water (EW), dual-frequency ultrasound combined with electrolytic water (DFU-EW)) on the molecular structure (Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity, etc.), thermal properties, gene expression of PPO, and storage characteristics of mushrooms were investigated. The results showed that the DFU-EW decreased the relative contents of α-helix by 6.3 % and β-turns by 11.2 %, while increasing the contents of random coil and β-sheet by13.3 % and 4.7 %, respectively, compared to the control. The XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of PPO was 7% higher than the control, while the fluorescence spectroscopy and surface hydrophobicity of PPO decreased from 921.7 (a.u) and 1154.5 to 393.5 (a.u) and 506.5, respectively. The DFU-EW treatment changed both the secondary and tertiary structures of PPO. The TGA analysis indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature decreased from the control 351.4 ℃ to 336.9 ℃. The gene expression level of AbPPO3 and AbPPO4 lowered. A 7-day storage period showed that DFU-EW inhibited the degree of browning, maintained the firmness of mushrooms, and stabilized the relative activity of PPO at 60% on average. Taken together, the DFU-EW treatment can effectively inactivate the PPO activity in fresh-cut mushrooms, thereby extending their shelf life, and this method provides a new insight to improve the quality of fresh-cut products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107277"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107281
Bokyung Jun , Jongbok Choi , Younggyu Son
The effect of ultrasound (US) on persulfate (PS) activation was investigated to determine whether acoustic cavitation can effectively induce PS activation for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation at 20, 28, and 300 kHz under various temperature conditions. The optimal liquid volume in the vessel was geometrically determined to be 400, 900, and 420 mL at 20, 28, and 300 kHz, respectively, using KI dosimetry and sonochemiluminescence image analysis. The pseudo-1st-order reaction kinetic constants in the only PS, only US, and US/PS processes at 20, 28, and 300 kHz were obtained under 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, 25–30 ℃, 45–50 ℃, 55–60 ℃, and no temperature control conditions. No notable BPA degradation occurred at 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, and 25–30 ℃ in the only PS processes for all frequencies. The highest sonochemical BPA degradation was obtained at 300 kHz, and much lower BPA degradation was observed at 45–50 ℃ and 55–60 ℃ for all frequencies in the only US processes. No notable enhancement of BPA degradation was observed at 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, and 25–30 ℃ in the US/PS processes compared to the only US processes for all frequencies. At 20 kHz and temperatures between 55 and 60 ℃, the highest BPA degradation was obtained, with a synergistic effect of 171 %. However, the enhancement might be due to the instant or local temperature increase, and not due to acoustic cavitation. No notable PS activation by US irradiation was observed in the US/PS processes in this study. The profiles of the generated sulfate ion concentrations in the US/PS processes confirmed this. Some previous studies found high synergistic effects, whereas others have found low or no synergistic effects in US/PS processes.
{"title":"Ultrasonic Activation of Persulfate for the Removal of BPA in 20, 28, and 300 kHz Systems","authors":"Bokyung Jun , Jongbok Choi , Younggyu Son","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of ultrasound (US) on persulfate (PS) activation was investigated to determine whether acoustic cavitation can effectively induce PS activation for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation at 20, 28, and 300 kHz under various temperature conditions. The optimal liquid volume in the vessel was geometrically determined to be 400, 900, and 420 mL at 20, 28, and 300 kHz, respectively, using KI dosimetry and sonochemiluminescence image analysis. The pseudo-1st-order reaction kinetic constants in the only PS, only US, and US/PS processes at 20, 28, and 300 kHz were obtained under 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, 25–30 ℃, 45–50 ℃, 55–60 ℃, and no temperature control conditions. No notable BPA degradation occurred at 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, and 25–30 ℃ in the only PS processes for all frequencies. The highest sonochemical BPA degradation was obtained at 300 kHz, and much lower BPA degradation was observed at 45–50 ℃ and 55–60 ℃ for all frequencies in the only US processes. No notable enhancement of BPA degradation was observed at 5–10 ℃, 15–20 ℃, and 25–30 ℃ in the US/PS processes compared to the only US processes for all frequencies. At 20 kHz and temperatures between 55 and 60 ℃, the highest BPA degradation was obtained, with a synergistic effect of 171 %. However, the enhancement might be due to the instant or local temperature increase, and not due to acoustic cavitation. No notable PS activation by US irradiation was observed in the US/PS processes in this study. The profiles of the generated sulfate ion concentrations in the US/PS processes confirmed this. Some previous studies found high synergistic effects, whereas others have found low or no synergistic effects in US/PS processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107281"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107279
Hongke Wei , Xiaomin Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Shijie Ren , Luis A.J. Mur , Dong Lu , Duo Cao
To valorize sour jujube (Ziziphus acidojujuba) leaves, this work focused on the extraction, quantification, and bioactivity assessment of flavonoids. First, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed to extract total flavonoids from sour jujube leaves (SJL-TF), with the procedure optimized through single-factor design and response surface methodology (RSM). SJL-TF yield reached 48.47 ± 0.36 mg/g under optimal circumstances, which included 61 % ethanol as extraction medium, an ultrasound power of 300 W, an extraction time of 33 min, and a liquid–solid ratio of 16 mL/g, showing higher extraction efficiency in comparison to the traditional Soxhlet extraction method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that ultrasound treatment severely damaged the structural integrity of sour jujube leaves, which was more conducive to improving the SJL-TF yield. Then, polyamide resin chromatography was used to purify the crude SJL-TF extracts, increasing the SJL-TF purity by 3.2-fold to 74.58 ± 0.63 %. By developing and validating a UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method, ten main flavonoids in SJL-TF extracts, including catechin, rutin, isoquercetin, narirutin, nicotiflorin, quercitrin, phlorizin, luteolin, quercetin, and apigenin, were successfully detected concurrently for quality control purposes. Furthermore, the purified SJL-TF showed a strong ameliorative effect on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice, as evidenced by significant mitigation of colonic inflammation and pathological damage. Thus, this work will contribute to improving the application of sour jujube leaves, especially in the pharmaceutical sector.
{"title":"Flavonoids from sour jujube leaves: Ultrasound-assisted extraction, UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS quantification, and ameliorative effect on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","authors":"Hongke Wei , Xiaomin Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Shijie Ren , Luis A.J. Mur , Dong Lu , Duo Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To valorize sour jujube (<em>Ziziphus acidojujuba</em>) leaves, this work focused on the extraction, quantification, and bioactivity assessment of flavonoids. First, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed to extract total flavonoids from sour jujube leaves (SJL-TF), with the procedure optimized through single-factor design and response surface methodology (RSM). SJL-TF yield reached 48.47 ± 0.36 mg/g under optimal circumstances, which included 61 % ethanol as extraction medium, an ultrasound power of 300 W, an extraction time of 33 min, and a liquid–solid ratio of 16 mL/g, showing higher extraction efficiency in comparison to the traditional Soxhlet extraction method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that ultrasound treatment severely damaged the structural integrity of sour jujube leaves, which was more conducive to improving the SJL-TF yield. Then, polyamide resin chromatography was used to purify the crude SJL-TF extracts, increasing the SJL-TF purity by 3.2-fold to 74.58 ± 0.63 %. By developing and validating a UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method, ten main flavonoids in SJL-TF extracts, including catechin, rutin, isoquercetin, narirutin, nicotiflorin, quercitrin, phlorizin, luteolin, quercetin, and apigenin, were successfully detected concurrently for quality control purposes. Furthermore, the purified SJL-TF showed a strong ameliorative effect on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice, as evidenced by significant mitigation of colonic inflammation and pathological damage. Thus, this work will contribute to improving the application of sour jujube leaves, especially in the pharmaceutical sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107279"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107261
Yu Yang , Juan Tu , Minglei Shan , Zijie Zhang , Chen Chen , Haoxiang Li
Understanding the behavior of cavitation bubble clusters in an acoustic field is crucial for advancing the study of acoustic cavitation. This study uses the multi-relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) to simulate the dynamics of cavitation bubble clusters near a wall, offering new insights into complex cavitation phenomena. The effectiveness of MRT-LBM was verified through thermodynamic consistency, mesh independence, and comparison with the K-M equation solution. The study focuses on the effects of bubble cluster position, acoustic frequency, amplitude, and bubble number on cavitation dynamics. The results found that the impact of bubble cluster proximity to solid boundaries, where smaller offsets result in stronger cavitation effects, significantly increasing wall pressure and jet velocity. The analysis also reveals that low frequencies promote complete bubble collapse, while high frequencies enhance jet velocity but weaken pressure waves. Additionally, higher amplitudes increase jet velocity but disperse energy, reducing wall pressure. Frequency spectrum analysis of wall pressure and velocity further uncovers significant differences in their spectra and how they influence cavitation intensity, finding that frequency and amplitude are key factors in balancing pressure and jet velocity. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing frequency and amplitude to enhance cavitation effects, which can improve applications relying on acoustic cavitation.
{"title":"Acoustic cavitation dynamics of bubble clusters near solid wall: A multiphase lattice Boltzmann approach","authors":"Yu Yang , Juan Tu , Minglei Shan , Zijie Zhang , Chen Chen , Haoxiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the behavior of cavitation bubble clusters in an acoustic field is crucial for advancing the study of acoustic cavitation. This study uses the multi-relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) to simulate the dynamics of cavitation bubble clusters near a wall, offering new insights into complex cavitation phenomena. The effectiveness of MRT-LBM was verified through thermodynamic consistency, mesh independence, and comparison with the K-M equation solution. The study focuses on the effects of bubble cluster position, acoustic frequency, amplitude, and bubble number on cavitation dynamics. The results found that the impact of bubble cluster proximity to solid boundaries, where smaller offsets result in stronger cavitation effects, significantly increasing wall pressure and jet velocity. The analysis also reveals that low frequencies promote complete bubble collapse, while high frequencies enhance jet velocity but weaken pressure waves. Additionally, higher amplitudes increase jet velocity but disperse energy, reducing wall pressure. Frequency spectrum analysis of wall pressure <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>w</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and velocity <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>w</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> further uncovers significant differences in their spectra and how they influence cavitation intensity, finding that frequency and amplitude are key factors in balancing pressure and jet velocity. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing frequency and amplitude to enhance cavitation effects, which can improve applications relying on acoustic cavitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107261"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107278
Qing Yang , Mingming Chen , Chengqian Pei , Bo Liu , Meng Zhao , Xuanjun Wang , Zhe Lin , Linmin Li
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely found in fluid machinery and has emerged as a significant technology in several engineering fields. To investigate the erosion characteristics caused by HC, experimental tests under varying conditions are conducted in this study using a Venturi test section with different divergent angles. The qualitative erosion risk distributions under different conditions are represented through paint experiments, showing that the erosion risk increases as the divergent angle decreases. Subsequently, a Eulerian-Lagrangian multiscale cavitation model is adopted to simulate HC in the test section. This model directly resolves large-scale cavities using the volume of fluid (VOF) method and simultaneously tracks sub-scale discrete bubbles using a discrete bubble model (DBM). A modified aggressive indicator [Li et al., Int. J. Mech. Sci. 262, 108,735 (2024)] is incorporated into the multiscale cavitation model to account for the erosion power produced by multiscale cavitation behaviors, thereby reproducing the distribution of cavitation erosion risks. Simulations corresponding to the experimental conditions are conducted, and the results show that the simulated cavitation features align well with the experimental observations. Furthermore, the cavitation erosion risk distributions predicted by the present model agree well with the paint tests, confirming the reliability of our model.
{"title":"Experimental and Eulerian-Lagrangian numerical investigation on cavitation erosion characteristics in Venturi pipes with different divergent angles","authors":"Qing Yang , Mingming Chen , Chengqian Pei , Bo Liu , Meng Zhao , Xuanjun Wang , Zhe Lin , Linmin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely found in fluid machinery and has emerged as a significant technology in several engineering fields. To investigate the erosion characteristics caused by HC, experimental tests under varying conditions are conducted in this study using a Venturi test section with different divergent angles. The qualitative erosion risk distributions under different conditions are represented through paint experiments, showing that the erosion risk increases as the divergent angle decreases. Subsequently, a Eulerian-Lagrangian multiscale cavitation model is adopted to simulate HC in the test section. This model directly resolves large-scale cavities using the volume of fluid (VOF) method and simultaneously tracks sub-scale discrete bubbles using a discrete bubble model (DBM). A modified aggressive indicator [Li <em>et al</em>., Int. J. Mech. Sci. 262, 108,735 (2024)] is incorporated into the multiscale cavitation model to account for the erosion power produced by multiscale cavitation behaviors, thereby reproducing the distribution of cavitation erosion risks. Simulations corresponding to the experimental conditions are conducted, and the results show that the simulated cavitation features align well with the experimental observations. Furthermore, the cavitation erosion risk distributions predicted by the present model agree well with the paint tests, confirming the reliability of our model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107278"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107280
Jacques R.N. Kieffer , Hakan Kandemir , Lars Stegemüller , Isa Hiemstra , Michel H.M. Eppink , Rene H. Wijffels , Iulian Z. Boboescu
Microalgae can provide a more sustainable alternative to traditional food systems which are dominated by terrestrial crops. The main economic challenges, however, relate to the downstream processing of microalgae and the valorization of their side streams. The present work explores the scientific principles and data required to develop an integrated biorefinery-on-a-chip, which replaces many of the common downstream processing unit operations by employing acoustic fields. The acoustic parameters of Tisochrysis lutea microalgal cells and their cell components are determined using the neutrally buoyant state method. Culture conditions which result in a high carbohydrate or high protein to lipid ratio led to a higher acoustic contrast factor than culture conditions favoring a high composition of lipids. The collected acoustic data is used as input in a numerical model which studies the harvesting of microalgal cells and the fractionation of microalgal cell components. High separation levels are achieved based on the size and composition of microalgal cells and the type of cell component. Subsequent studies are envisioned to determine the practical feasibility of applying these concepts and even scaling them out. Nevertheless, this study represents a steppingstone towards a novel, label-free approach to processing microalgal cells of different biomass compositions.
{"title":"Numerical analysis of a multiproduct biorefinery on a chip: Exploiting acoustic waves to process the microalgae Tisochrysis lutea","authors":"Jacques R.N. Kieffer , Hakan Kandemir , Lars Stegemüller , Isa Hiemstra , Michel H.M. Eppink , Rene H. Wijffels , Iulian Z. Boboescu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae can provide a more sustainable alternative to traditional food systems which are dominated by terrestrial crops. The main economic challenges, however, relate to the downstream processing of microalgae and the valorization of their side streams. The present work explores the scientific principles and data required to develop an integrated biorefinery-on-a-chip, which replaces many of the common downstream processing unit operations by employing acoustic fields. The acoustic parameters of <em>Tisochrysis lutea</em> microalgal cells and their cell components are determined using the neutrally buoyant state method. Culture conditions which result in a high carbohydrate or high protein to lipid ratio led to a higher acoustic contrast factor than culture conditions favoring a high composition of lipids. The collected acoustic data is used as input in a numerical model which studies the harvesting of microalgal cells and the fractionation of microalgal cell components. High separation levels are achieved based on the size and composition of microalgal cells and the type of cell component. Subsequent studies are envisioned to determine the practical feasibility of applying these concepts and even scaling them out. Nevertheless, this study represents a steppingstone towards a novel, label-free approach to processing microalgal cells of different biomass compositions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107280"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107282
Mengyang Hou , Chengyuan Lin , Lin Zhu , Zhaoxiang Bian
This study aimed to enhance the valorization of Chaenomeles speciosa leaves as a sustainable source of bioactive phenolics. An innovative ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) method was developed for extracting phenolic compounds. Among 10 structurally diverse ILs, [BMIM]Br demonstrated superior extraction performance. Using a combination of single-factor design and response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal parameters for IL-UAE were determined to be the [BMIM]Br concentration of 1.33 mol/L, ultrasonic power of 380 W, extraction time of 10 min, and liquid-to-solid ratio of 22 mL/g. Under these conditions, the yield of C. speciosa leaves total phenolics (CSL-TP) was 78.14 ± 0.35 mg/g, which was substantially higher than those obtained via conventional heat reflux and UAE. After extraction, the microstructures of C. speciosa leaves were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the effectiveness of IL-UAE. Subsequently, NKA-II resin column chromatography was developed to effectively purify crude CSL-TP extracts, guided by leakage and elution curve evaluations, yielding phenolic extracts with a purity of 75.40 % ± 1.93 %. A UPLC–QqQ–MS/MS method was developed for the quantitative analysis of nine major phenolics in purified CSL-TP extracts. Furthermore, bioactivity assessments demonstrated that the purified CSL-TP extracts efficiently scavenged radicals and effectively inhibited the proliferation of HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. These results highlight the potential of C. speciosa leaves as a valuable resource for the pharmaceutical and food industries, paving the way for the development of innovative therapeutic products and functional foods.
{"title":"Phenolics from Chaenomeles speciosa leaves: Ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction, adsorptive purification, UPLC–QqQ–MS/MS quantification, and bioactivity assessment","authors":"Mengyang Hou , Chengyuan Lin , Lin Zhu , Zhaoxiang Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to enhance the valorization of <em>Chaenomeles speciosa</em> leaves as a sustainable source of bioactive phenolics. An innovative ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) method was developed for extracting phenolic compounds. Among 10 structurally diverse ILs, [BMIM]Br demonstrated superior extraction performance. Using a combination of single-factor design and response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal parameters for IL-UAE were determined to be the [BMIM]Br concentration of 1.33 mol/L, ultrasonic power of 380 W, extraction time of 10 min, and liquid-to-solid ratio of 22 mL/g. Under these conditions, the yield of <em>C. speciosa</em> leaves total phenolics (CSL-TP) was 78.14 ± 0.35 mg/g, which was substantially higher than those obtained via conventional heat reflux and UAE. After extraction, the microstructures of <em>C. speciosa</em> leaves were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which confirmed the effectiveness of IL-UAE. Subsequently, NKA-II resin column chromatography was developed to effectively purify crude CSL-TP extracts, guided by leakage and elution curve evaluations, yielding phenolic extracts with a purity of 75.40 % ± 1.93 %. A UPLC–QqQ–MS/MS method was developed for the quantitative analysis of nine major phenolics in purified CSL-TP extracts. Furthermore, bioactivity assessments demonstrated that the purified CSL-TP extracts efficiently scavenged radicals and effectively inhibited the proliferation of HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. These results highlight the potential of <em>C. speciosa</em> leaves as a valuable resource for the pharmaceutical and food industries, paving the way for the development of innovative therapeutic products and functional foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107282"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107274
R. Fernando Martínez , Ana M. Escolar , Rosario Pardo-Botello , Carlos J. Durán-Valle , Marta Adame-Pereira , David Fernandez Rivas , Pedro Cintas
This research article describes the thermal and sonochemical enhancements of 1,3-diol protection, via acetal formation, catalyzed by a biomass-derived heterogeneous catalyst. This investigation was also conducted under the framework of a postgraduate program in green chemistry, and the application of ultrasonic activation represented an opportunity to expose the field to junior colleagues unaware of sonochemistry. Accordingly, we show not only a facile and high-yielding synthetic transformation, but also the pluses of performing a parallel protocol using low-frequency ultrasound, which provided new learning tools and skills in context. The main role of sound waves can be associated to enhanced mass transfer of the heterogeneous reaction (false sonochemistry). Acoustic energy was delivered into the reagents and solvent using so-called cavitation intensifying bags (CIB). The micropitted polymeric material enabled a greater focused radiation that proved to be highly reproducible at 25 °C and led to reaction completion much faster than the conventional external heating. Furthermore, sonication fine-tunes selectivity in ketal formation, as witnessed by a facile synthesis of solketal, a green solvent obtained by acetalization of glycerol. The pedagogical benefits of conveying education in sonochemistry are outlined, alongside the catalyst characterization of the ultrasound-driven reaction. Our ambition is to stimulate similar pursuits in synthesis and catalysis at other laboratories and educational institutions.
{"title":"Tuning synthesis and sonochemistry forges learning and enhances educational training: Protection of 1,3-diols under heterogeneous catalysis as sustainable case study","authors":"R. Fernando Martínez , Ana M. Escolar , Rosario Pardo-Botello , Carlos J. Durán-Valle , Marta Adame-Pereira , David Fernandez Rivas , Pedro Cintas","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research article describes the thermal and sonochemical enhancements of 1,3-diol protection, via acetal formation, catalyzed by a biomass-derived heterogeneous catalyst. This investigation was also conducted under the framework of a postgraduate program in green chemistry, and the application of ultrasonic activation represented an opportunity to expose the field to junior colleagues unaware of sonochemistry. Accordingly, we show not only a facile and high-yielding synthetic transformation, but also the pluses of performing a parallel protocol using low-frequency ultrasound, which provided new learning tools and skills in context. The main role of sound waves can be associated to enhanced mass transfer of the heterogeneous reaction (<em>false sonochemistry</em>). Acoustic energy was delivered into the reagents and solvent using so-called <em>cavitation intensifying bags</em> (CIB). The micropitted polymeric material enabled a greater focused radiation that proved to be highly reproducible at 25 °C and led to reaction completion much faster than the conventional external heating. Furthermore, sonication fine-tunes selectivity in ketal formation, as witnessed by a facile synthesis of <em>solketal</em>, a green solvent obtained by acetalization of glycerol. The pedagogical benefits of conveying education in sonochemistry are outlined, alongside the catalyst characterization of the ultrasound-driven reaction. Our ambition is to stimulate similar pursuits in synthesis and catalysis at other laboratories and educational institutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 107274"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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