The LCROSS Impact Crater as Seen by ShadowCam and Mini-RF: Size, Context, and Excavation of Copernican Volatiles

IF 4.6 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1029/2024GL110355

C. I. Fassett, M. S. Robinson, G. W. Patterson, B. W. Denevi, P. Mahanti, E. Mazarico, E. G. Rivera-Valentín, F. S. Turner, M. R. Manheim, A. Colaprete

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Abstract

The Lunar CRater Observations and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) impacted a Centaur rocket stage into a permanently shadowed region (PSR) in Cabeus crater, excavating water ice and other volatiles. We used the Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF) instrument on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and the ShadowCam instrument on the Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter to detect the probable 22-m diameter crater that resulted from the LCROSS impact. The crater formed superposed upon a dense small crater population along a crater ray from a larger pre-existing crater. From its geologic context, the ice and regolith excavated by LCROSS were likely modified within the last 0.1–0.5 Gyr. An upper limit for the excavated volatiles is ~0.9 Gyr, as the location was not a PSR prior to that time. A young age for the LCROSS-detected volatiles supports the idea that they were mostly emplaced by an exogenic mechanism, such as from comets or the solar wind.

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ShadowCam 和 Mini-RF 所见的 LCROSS 撞击坑：哥白尼火山体积的大小、背景和挖掘情况

月球环形山观测和传感卫星（LCROSS）将一个半人马座火箭级撞击到卡比乌斯环形山的永久阴影区（PSR），挖掘出水冰和其他挥发物。我们利用月球勘测轨道飞行器上的微型射频（Mini-RF）仪器和韩国探路者月球轨道飞行器上的ShadowCam仪器，探测到了可能由LCROSS撞击造成的直径为22米的陨石坑。该陨石坑是由一个先前存在的较大陨石坑沿着陨石坑射线形成的密集小陨石坑群叠加而成的。从其地质背景来看，LCROSS 挖掘出的冰和碎屑可能是在过去 0.1-0.5 Gyr 内改变的。发掘出的挥发物的上限约为0.9 Gyr，因为在此之前该位置还不是一个PSR。LCROSS探测到的挥发物的年轻年龄支持了这样一种观点，即它们大多是由外源机制（如彗星或太阳风）释放出来的。

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来源期刊

Geophysical Research Letters 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

9.60%

发文量

1588

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.