Top speed sprinting: Thigh angular motion and eccentric hamstring strength in faster vs. slower sprinters

IF 1.6 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Human Movement Science Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1016/j.humov.2024.103280

Tobias Alt , Igor Komnik , Laurence J. Ryan , Kenneth P. Clark

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Abstract

Sprinting at maximum velocity requires fast angular motion of the thigh and effective hamstring function for optimum performance and injury prevention. In this cross-sectional investigation of 21 male sprinters, we acquired thigh angular kinematics while sprinting at top speed (range: 8.96–10.17 m/s), and then measured eccentric hamstring strength capacities using an isokinetic dynamometer during the same test session. In agreement with the hypotheses, thigh angular motion rates and the associated eccentric hamstring strength capacities were both significantly correlated with top speed (r-values: ∼0.5; p < 0.05). Additionally, when the participants were sorted by top speed, there were significant differences between the faster group and the slower group. Notably, on average the faster group showed faster thigh motion (angular acceleration: 10.3 kdeg/s², 11 % greater than slower group) and higher eccentric hamstring strength capacities (peak moment: 2.26 Nm/kg, 14 % greater than slower group). This investigation indicates that fast thigh angular motion and eccentric hamstring strength are both important for sprint performance.

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极速冲刺：较快与较慢短跑运动员的大腿角度运动和腿筋偏心力量

以最大速度冲刺需要大腿的快速角度运动和有效的腘绳肌功能，以获得最佳表现并预防受伤。在这项对 21 名男性短跑运动员进行的横断面调查中，我们获取了以最高速度（范围：8.96-10.17 米/秒）冲刺时的大腿角度运动学数据，然后在同一测试过程中使用等动测力计测量了偏心腘绳肌力量。与假设一致，大腿角运动速率和相关的偏心腘绳肌力量容量均与最高速度显著相关（r 值：∼0.5；p < 0.05）。此外，当按最高速度对参与者进行分类时，速度较快组与速度较慢组之间存在明显差异。值得注意的是，平均而言，速度较快组的大腿运动速度更快（角加速度：10.3 kdeg/s2，比速度较慢组高出 11%），偏心腿筋力量能力更高（峰值力矩：2.26 Nm/kg，比速度较慢组高出 14%）。这项调查表明，快速大腿角运动和偏心腿筋力量对短跑成绩都很重要。

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来源期刊

Human Movement Science 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

4.80%

发文量

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Human Movement Science provides a medium for publishing disciplinary and multidisciplinary studies on human movement. It brings together psychological, biomechanical and neurophysiological research on the control, organization and learning of human movement, including the perceptual support of movement. The overarching goal of the journal is to publish articles that help advance theoretical understanding of the control and organization of human movement, as well as changes therein as a function of development, learning and rehabilitation. The nature of the research reported may vary from fundamental theoretical or empirical studies to more applied studies in the fields of, for example, sport, dance and rehabilitation with the proviso that all studies have a distinct theoretical bearing. Also, reviews and meta-studies advancing the understanding of human movement are welcome. These aims and scope imply that purely descriptive studies are not acceptable, while methodological articles are only acceptable if the methodology in question opens up new vistas in understanding the control and organization of human movement. The same holds for articles on exercise physiology, which in general are not supported, unless they speak to the control and organization of human movement. In general, it is required that the theoretical message of articles published in Human Movement Science is, to a certain extent, innovative and not dismissible as just "more of the same."