Human Movement Science最新文献

The effects of task constraints on postural control regularity in autistic children 任务约束对自闭症儿童姿势控制规律的影响

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103451

Letícia Paes Silva , Clarissa Cardoso dos Santos Couto Paz , Mariana Rodrigues Carvalho de Aquino , Priscila Albuquerque de Araújo , Ana Carla Moreira Lara , Maria Rita Gonçalves Tavares , Líria Akie Okai de Albuquerque Nóbrega , Juliana Melo Ocarino , Thales Rezende de Souza , Sérgio Teixeira da Fonseca

AIM: Postural Control (PC) impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, influencing other developmental areas. Superimposing motor tasks on the PC can exacerbate these impairments and highlights the need to investigate PC in various contexts. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the regularity of PC in autistic children under different task conditions. METHOD: 24 autistic children, matched with typically developing (TD) children, were assessed for PC under three conditions: standing, sitting, and sitting while performing a fine motor task. The regularity of PC was evaluated using Multiscale Entropy. RESULTS: Autistic children showed more regular PC than TD children across all tasks (p = 0.032). A significant task effect (p < 0.001) indicated that PC regularity differed across the three task conditions. However, no group-by-task interaction was revealed (p = 0.697), indicating consistent group differences across tasks. Planned contrasts confirmed these differences between ASD and TD groups for each task. Autistic children had lower entropy (more regular postural patterns), indicating more predictive PC and lower adaptability. It was also observed that all task demands affected the PC. The result suggests that PC in autistic children is influenced by the interaction among the organism's properties, the characteristics of the base of support, and the task goal, highlighting the need to consider these constraints when assessing or designing interventions for this population. These findings may help explain challenges autistic children experience in everyday motor activities that require flexible postural adjustments, reinforcing the importance of considering task constraints in functional contexts.

目的：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的姿势控制（PC）障碍是有充分证据证明的，影响其他发育领域。在PC上叠加运动任务可能会加剧这些损伤，并突出了在各种情况下研究PC的必要性。本横断面研究旨在探讨不同任务条件下自闭症儿童PC的规律性。方法：24名自闭症儿童，与典型发育儿童（TD）配对，在三种情况下进行PC测试：站立、坐着和坐着，同时执行精细运动任务。用多尺度熵评价了PC的规律性。结果：自闭症儿童在所有任务中表现出比弱智儿童更规律的PC （p = 0.032）。显著的任务效应（p < 0.001）表明，在三种任务条件下，PC的规律性有所不同。然而，没有发现组与任务之间的相互作用（p = 0.697），表明任务之间的组差异是一致的。计划对比证实了ASD组和TD组在每个任务上的差异。自闭症儿童的熵值更低（更有规律的姿势模式），这表明预测性PC更强，适应性更低。还观察到，所有任务需求都会影响PC。结果表明，自闭症儿童的PC受到机体特性、支持基础特征和任务目标之间的相互作用的影响，强调在评估或设计针对这一人群的干预措施时需要考虑这些制约因素。这些发现可能有助于解释自闭症儿童在日常运动活动中遇到的挑战，这些活动需要灵活的姿势调整，从而加强了在功能背景下考虑任务约束的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Providing choice boosts immediate force production in adolescents with ADHD 提供选择可以促进ADHD青少年的即时力量产生

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103463

Miguel Villa-de Gregorio , Reza Abdollahipour , Ludvík Valtr , Dagmar Kristín Hannesdóttir , Miriam Palomo-Nieto , Irene Ramón-Otero

Children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often struggle with motor skill performance, which can reduce their participation in sports and physical activities. This may be due to a lack of personal relevance and a sensitivity to controlling environments that reduce motivation. Since autonomy support has been shown to enhance motor performance across different motor tasks and populations, this study aimed to investigate its effects on the immediate motor performance of adolescents with ADHD during a maximum force production task. Twenty-six adolescents aged 13 to 15 (mean age = 14.1 years, 20 boys and 6 girls) participated in a within-subjects experimental design, where each performed six maximum force attempts (three attempts each hand) using a dynamometer under two conditions: choice and no-choice. In the choice condition, participants selected the order in which they used their preferred and non-preferred hands, while in the no-choice condition, they completed six attempts in an order that matched the sequence chosen by the previous participant. A 20-s rest was given between each attempt. Once participants had finished six attempts in each condition, they were asked to fill out the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. The results showed that maximum force production, as well as self-reported interest/enjoyment, and perceived competence, were all higher in the choice condition compared to the no-choice condition. No significant differences were found in the perception of choice or pressure/tension. These findings suggest that even small opportunities for autonomy-support can improve motor performance and positively influence factors that predict intrinsic motivation specifically, interest/enjoyment and perceived competence, in adolescents with ADHD.

患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年经常在运动技能表现上挣扎，这可能会减少他们参加体育运动和体育活动。这可能是由于缺乏个人相关性和对控制环境的敏感性，从而降低了动机。由于自主支持已被证明可以提高不同运动任务和人群的运动表现，本研究旨在调查其对青少年多动症患者在最大力量产生任务中的即时运动表现的影响。26名年龄在13至15岁之间的青少年（平均年龄为14.1岁，20名男孩和6名女孩）参加了受试者内实验设计，每个人在选择和不选择两种情况下使用测力计进行6次最大力尝试（每只手尝试3次）。在选择条件下，参与者选择他们使用首选和非首选手的顺序，而在无选择条件下，他们以与前一位参与者选择的顺序相匹配的顺序完成了六次尝试。每次尝试之间有20秒的休息时间。一旦参与者在每种情况下完成了六次尝试，他们就被要求填写内在动机清单。结果表明，与无选择条件相比，选择条件下的最大力量生产、自我报告的兴趣/享受和感知能力都更高。在选择或压力/紧张的感知方面没有发现显著差异。这些发现表明，即使是很小的自主支持机会也可以改善运动表现，并积极影响预测ADHD青少年内在动机的因素，特别是兴趣/享受和感知能力。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of variable speed rotational visual-vestibular interference on human stance stability 变速旋转视前庭干扰对人体站立稳定性的影响

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103465

Yong Fan , Peisong Xia , Haoyuan Chen , Zhenhai Hou , Liang Hu , Jian Wang , Jie Xu , Ying Gao

This study investigated the effects of visual-vestibular interference on static standing balance during variable-speed rotational patterns. We employed a head-mounted display and a rotating platform to manipulate visual and vestibular perceptions respectively. Both devices operated on a sinusoidal variable speed pattern and were controlled to generate both congruent and incongruent sensory experiences. 30 subjects were assigned to either a short (5 min) or a long duration (20 min) group. Subjective dizziness was rated on a 0–10 scale and self-perceived movement was assessed. Center-of-pressure (COP) data were collected using a force platform before and after each intervention. The results indicated that: (1) 8 subjects failed to complete all the experiments. Incongruent interference induced significantly heightened dizziness and caused the majority of subjects (19/22) misjudged their rotational direction; (2) The 5-min interference did not cause significant changes in COP displacement or velocity, but frequency-domain analysis indicated subjects enhanced visual reliance and reduced proprioceptive weighting, reflecting a sensory reweighting strategy; (3) The 20-min incongruent interference significantly disrupted postural stability, manifested as comprehensive increases in total COP displacement, sway velocity and area, with effects markedly stronger than under congruent conditions. This study highlights the importance of visual information in postural control. Additionally, the sensory reweighting strategy appears insufficient compensate for the impacts of prolonged sensory interference.

本研究探讨了视前庭干扰对变速旋转模式下静态站立平衡的影响。我们采用头戴式显示器和旋转平台分别操纵视觉和前庭感知。这两种装置都在正弦变速模式上运行，并被控制以产生一致和不一致的感官体验。30名受试者被分为短（5分钟）组和长（20分钟）组。主观头晕程度评分为0-10分，自我感知运动进行评估。压力中心（COP）数据在每次修井前后使用受力平台收集。结果表明：(1)8名受试者未能完成全部实验。不一致干扰导致眩晕明显加重，多数受试者（19/22）对旋转方向判断错误；(2) 5 min干扰没有引起COP位移和速度的显著变化，但频域分析显示受试者视觉依赖增强，本体感觉权重降低，反映了感觉权重调整策略；(3) 20 min不一致干扰显著破坏了体位稳定性，表现为总COP位移、摇摆速度和面积的综合增加，且影响明显强于一致干扰。本研究强调了视觉信息在姿势控制中的重要性。此外，感觉重加权策略似乎不足以补偿长时间感觉干扰的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Cortical activity during supported and unsupported choice-stepping reaction time tasks in young and older people: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study 在支持和不支持的选择步反应时间任务中，年轻人和老年人的皮质活动：一项功能性近红外光谱研究

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103464

Jasmine C. Menant , Paulo H.S. Pelicioni , Daina L. Sturnieks , Stephen R. Lord

There is strong evidence from dual-task studies that balance requires cortical input. Yet, whether this cortical activity requirement relates disproportionally to balance control or simply to the undertaking of any motor task is unclear. Potential effects of aging on this relationship are also unknown. We investigated the effects of supporting balance control during cognitively demanding stepping tasks, on cortical activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), supplementary motor area (SMA) and premotor cortex (PMC), in healthy young and older people. Thirty-two young and 48 older people performed the choice stepping reaction time (CSRT), inhibitory CSRT (iCSRT) and stroop stepping (SST) tasks on a computerised step mat, in two randomly presented support conditions: supported standing using armrests and unsupported free standing. We measured mean stepping response times, step errors and cortical activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Both young and older participants had slower response times across the three stepping tasks in the unsupported condition compared with the supported condition (p < 0.05), and this was accompanied by increased cortical activation in the PFC, SMA and PMC in the CSRT task in the young cohort only (p < 0.05): findings supporting the involvement of these cortical regions in balance control. The similar cortical activity levels between the supported and unsupported conditions for both groups in the iCSRT and SST tasks may indicate the cognitive component of these tasks overshaded the motor component in these more cognitively demanding tasks and/or that these tasks promoted automaticity of postural control by distracting participants from focusing on maintaining balance.

来自双任务研究的有力证据表明，平衡需要皮层输入。然而，这种皮层活动要求是否与平衡控制不成比例地相关，或者仅仅与任何运动任务的承担有关，目前尚不清楚。衰老对这种关系的潜在影响也是未知的。我们研究了在认知要求较高的步进任务中支持平衡控制对健康年轻人和老年人背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）、辅助运动区（SMA）和运动前皮层（PMC）皮层活动的影响。32名年轻人和48名老年人在计算机化的台阶垫上进行选择踏步反应时间（CSRT）、抑制性踏步反应时间（iCSRT）和stroop踏步（SST）任务，在两种随机呈现的支持条件下：有扶手的站立和无支撑的自由站立。我们用功能近红外光谱测量了平均步进响应时间、步进误差和皮层活动。与支持条件相比，年轻和年长的参与者在无支持条件下的三个步进任务中的反应时间都较慢（p < 0.05），并且这伴随着仅在年轻队列中CSRT任务中PFC， SMA和PMC的皮质激活增加（p < 0.05）：研究结果支持这些皮质区域参与平衡控制。在iCSRT和SST任务中，两组在支持和不支持条件下的皮层活动水平相似，这可能表明这些任务的认知成分在这些认知要求更高的任务中掩盖了运动成分，或者这些任务通过分散参与者对保持平衡的注意力来促进姿势控制的自动性。

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引用次数: 0

Motor dance creativity shows limited associations with other creative behaviours. Exploring domain-specificity in middle-aged adults 动感舞蹈创造力与其他创造性行为的联系有限。探索中年成人的区域特异性。

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103450

Carlota Torrents, Cristina Calvo-Estelrich

The extent to which motor creativity relates to overall creativity still remains unclear, especially in adults without prior experience in dance. This study explored the associations between motor dance creativity, figural creativity, and self-reported measures of creative dispositions in 71 middle-aged adults (age_mean = 52.8 ± 5.4; 65 females and 16 males). Participants completed validated questionnaires on creative self-efficacy, emotional creativity, ideational behaviour, and lifetime creative actions, alongside two performance-based tests: a motor improvisation dance task and the Test of Creative Thinking – Drawing Production. Correlation and regression analyses were used to identify potential relationships among these measures, complemented by an exploratory factor analysis to examine their latent structure. Results revealed that motor dance creativity was significantly associated with figural creativity and creative self-efficacy, but not with other self-reports. Regression models showed that creative self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of motor dance creativity, while lifetime creative actions best predicted figural creativity. The factor analysis supported a two-factor structure, differentiating performance-based measures from self-report measures, with limited overlap. These findings offer exploratory evidence that motor dance creativity is only modestly connected to other creative behaviours, supporting its domain-specific and embodied nature. The study adds to the debate on the generality versus specificity of creativity and underscores the importance of embodied, context-dependent approaches for understanding creative behaviour.

运动创造力与整体创造力的关系程度仍然不清楚，特别是在没有舞蹈经验的成年人中。本研究探讨了71名中年人（平均年龄= 52.8±5.4，女性65名，男性16名）的运动舞蹈创造力、形体创造力和自我报告的创造性倾向之间的联系。参与者完成了关于创造性自我效能、情感创造力、创意行为和一生创造性行为的有效问卷，以及两个基于表演的测试：一个是即兴舞蹈任务，另一个是创造性思维-绘画创作测试。使用相关和回归分析来确定这些措施之间的潜在关系，并辅以探索性因素分析来检查其潜在结构。结果显示，运动舞蹈创造力与形象创造力和创造性自我效能显著相关，但与其他自我报告无关。回归模型显示，创造性自我效能是运动舞蹈创造力的唯一显著预测因子，而终生创造性行为最能预测图形创造力。因子分析支持双因素结构，将基于绩效的测量与自我报告的测量区分开来，重叠有限。这些发现提供了探索性的证据，表明运动舞蹈的创造力与其他创造性行为只有适度的联系，支持其领域特异性和具体化的性质。这项研究增加了关于创造力的普遍性与特殊性的争论，并强调了具体化的、依赖于情境的方法对于理解创造性行为的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The added value of point-light display observation combined to physical practice in learning a functional strength training movement for experienced athletes 点灯显示观察结合体能练习对有经验的运动员学习功能性力量训练动作的附加价值。

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103452

Charly Ferrier , Arnaud Decatoire , Yves Almecija , Christel Bidet-Ildei , Yannick Blandin

A number of studies have shown the importance of combining observation with practice when learning an action. Although the Point-Light Display (PLD) technique is frequently used in laboratory contexts to assess the mechanisms underlying observational learning, it has only been infrequently used in ecological contexts. The present study explored whether the components of complex weightlifting movements could be learned by means of an observational learning protocol. To that end, we compared three observation conditions: action observation (Video group), Point-Light Display observation (PLD group), and no human action observation (Control group). Twenty-six athletes participated in a weekly one-hour session for 5 weeks to learn a complex weightlifting movement. During this period, the participants alternated between phases of movement observation, which varied depending on the condition to which they were assigned, and phases of movement execution. There were 12 sets consisting of 2 min of observation and 6 physical repetitions per session. Joint angles at key moments, bar trajectories, and intersegmental coordination were assessed both before (Pre-test) and after (Retention tests) the learning period. The results indicate that both observation conditions had a larger effect on learning than the control condition. Furthermore, the PLD condition was more effective than the video condition for complex intersegmental coordination. This experiment therefore suggests that PLD observation combined with physical practice can be beneficial for the acquisition of complex movements.

许多研究表明，在学习一个动作时，观察与实践相结合是很重要的。虽然点光显示（PLD）技术经常在实验室环境中用于评估观察学习的机制，但它只在生态环境中很少使用。本研究探讨了复杂举重动作的组成部分是否可以通过观察学习协议来学习。为此，我们比较了三种观察条件：动作观察（视频组）、点光显示观察（PLD组）和无人类动作观察（对照组）。26名运动员参加了为期5周的每周一小时的训练，学习复杂的举重动作。在此期间，参与者在运动观察阶段（根据分配给他们的条件而变化）和运动执行阶段之间交替进行。共12组，每组观察时间2分钟，重复6次。在学习之前（预测试）和之后（保留测试）评估关键时刻的关节角度、杆轨迹和节间协调。结果表明，两种观察条件对学习的影响都大于控制条件。此外，对于复杂的段间协调，PLD条件比视频条件更有效。因此，本实验表明，PLD观察结合物理练习可以有利于复杂动作的习得。

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引用次数: 0

Degeneracy of the perceptual-motor system for aperture crossing in cycling 自行车穿越孔径感知-运动系统的简并性

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2026.103453

Pierre Vauclin , Duarte Araújo , Jon Wheat , Ludovic Seifert

Cycling requires individuals to perceive which behaviour are possible and which are not, and select the most appropriate behaviour among available possibilities to perform successfully. This study investigated whether and how cyclists with different crossing abilities exploit perceptual-motor system degeneracy to cross narrower aperture widths, in particular whether cyclists with higher crossing ability exploit degeneracy by using more complex action modes to cross narrower aperture widths. Fifteen participants whose crossing ability ranged from −16 cm to +2 cm in relation to the bike handlebar width were observed as they crossed different aperture widths. Handlebars' turning and bike’ lean’ angles were recorded using a Qualisys system and were extracted at the moment of crossing to determine different action modes: facing, leaning, turning, and a combination of turning and leaning. Data revealed that cyclists exploit different actions modes between and within aperture width conditions, confirming the exploitation of degeneracy property. However, skills of the cyclists with lowest maximal action capability were confined to the relatively simple modes of action, restricting their ability to cross narrower apertures and to be less successful when acting close to their action boundaries. On the other side, cyclists with highest maximal action capability adapted to task constraint by using more complex action modes, which allowed them to be successful when acting close to their action boundaries.

循环需要个人感知哪些行为是可能的，哪些是不可能的，并在可用的可能性中选择最合适的行为来成功执行。本研究探讨了具有不同穿越能力的骑行者是否以及如何利用感知-运动系统简并性通过较窄的通道宽度，特别是具有较高穿越能力的骑行者是否通过更复杂的动作模式来利用简并性通过较窄的通道宽度。研究人员观察了15名参与者的穿越能力，他们的穿越能力相对于车把的宽度在- 16厘米到+2厘米之间。使用Qualisys系统记录车把的转向角度和自行车的倾斜角度，并在过马路的时刻提取，以确定不同的动作模式：面对，倾斜，转弯，以及转弯和倾斜的组合。数据显示，在不同的孔径宽度条件下和不同的孔径宽度条件下，骑行者利用了不同的行为模式，证实了简并性的利用。然而，最大动作能力最低的骑自行车者的技能仅限于相对简单的动作模式，限制了他们跨越更窄的孔径的能力，并且在靠近动作边界时不太成功。另一方面，最大动作能力最高的骑自行车者通过使用更复杂的动作模式来适应任务约束，这使得他们在接近他们的动作边界时能够成功。

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引用次数: 0

Speed-dependent changes in shoulder-hip coordination and upper limb variability during gait in older adults with Parkinson's disease 老年帕金森病患者步态中肩髋协调和上肢变异性的速度依赖性变化

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2025.103449

Maria Eduarda Parcianello Cabeleira , André Ivaniski-Mello , Valéria Feijó Martins , Leonardo Alexandre Peyré-Tartaruga , Flávia Gomes Martinez , Fernanda Cechetti

Background

Coordination between upper and lower limbs is fundamental to human gait. Changes in this coordination are well described in Parkinson's disease (PD), but there is limited information on the upper limbs' continuous relative phase and coordination variability during walking in people with PD (PwPD), considering different phases of the gait cycle and varying walking speeds.

Research question

Do older adults with PD present altered upper limbs continuous relative phase (CRP) and coordination variability across the different subphases of gait cycle and walking speeds, compared to older adults without PD?

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study included 20 older adults with PD and 10 older adults without PD. Participants underwent gait kinematic analysis using a three-dimensional motion capture system on a treadmill at 0.28 and 0.83 m/s. The mean CRP and coordination variability in shoulder-elbow and shoulder-hip pairs were calculated. Statistical analysis employed the Generalized Estimating Equations method to compare groups and evaluate group*speed interactions.

Results

Older adults with PD exhibit distinct upper limb-hip coordination strategies as walking speed increases, especially during the final subphases of the gait cycle, compared to those without PD. Older adults with and without PD decrease variability in upper limb coordination with rising speed, and shoulder-hip segments are only affected during the push-off phase.

Significance

These findings highlight the distinct motor coordination challenges faced by older adults with PD and underscore the importance of targeted interventions, focusing on improving shoulder-hip and arms coordination to improve gait dynamics in this population.

背景：上肢和下肢之间的协调是人类步态的基础。这种协调的变化在帕金森病（PD）中得到了很好的描述，但考虑到不同的步态周期阶段和不同的行走速度，PD （PwPD）患者在行走过程中上肢的连续相对相位和协调变异性的信息有限。研究问题：与没有帕金森病的老年人相比，患有帕金森病的老年人是否表现出上肢连续相对相（CRP）和不同亚阶段步态周期和步行速度的协调变异性的改变？方法：本横断面观察研究包括20名老年帕金森病患者和10名老年非帕金森病患者。参与者在跑步机上以0.28和0.83米/秒的速度使用三维运动捕捉系统进行步态运动学分析。计算肩关节-肘关节和肩关节-髋关节对的平均CRP和协调性变异性。统计分析采用广义估计方程方法进行组间比较，评价组间速度相互作用。结果：与没有PD的老年人相比，老年PD患者随着步行速度的增加，尤其是在步态周期的最后阶段，表现出明显的上肢-髋关节协调策略。有或没有PD的老年人上肢协调性随速度上升而降低，肩关节段仅在推离阶段受到影响。意义：这些发现强调了老年PD患者所面临的独特的运动协调挑战，并强调了有针对性的干预的重要性，重点是改善该人群的肩-髋和手臂协调，以改善步态动力学。

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引用次数: 0

Perspectives on sports analytics to inform constraint manipulation, representative learning and functional variability in practice design 体育分析的观点，以告知约束操作，代表性学习和功能变异性在实践设计。

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2025.103447

Ben Teune , Harjiv Singh , Sam Robertson

As the prevalence of technology and data use increases in sports, new opportunities exist to support practitioners by informing practice design. In turn, analytical techniques which leverage this data can be used to further bring life to frameworks of skill acquisition such as the constraints-led approach. Machine learning in particular presents as a viable method to reveal detailed insights, as it can consider multivariate and non-linear relationships. In the field of skill acquisition, a variety of different algorithms are well suited to help operationalise principles of constraint manipulations, representative learning design and functional variability. Specifically, decision trees or random forests may benefit coaches by predicting how constraints can be manipulated to facilitate player behaviour. Rule association can identify interacting constraints within the competition environment which can then be replicated in practice. Clustering techniques may be beneficial to assign similar player movements, or activity repetitions, into groups, allowing coaches to manipulate training variability by prescribing movement types from various groups. These techniques are proposed as methods to support coaches and applied sport scientists’ use of technology and data, as well as enhance their decision-making regarding practice design.

随着体育运动中技术和数据使用的普及，通过为实践设计提供信息来支持从业者存在新的机会。反过来，利用这些数据的分析技术可以进一步为技能获取框架带来活力，例如约束导向方法。特别是机器学习作为一种可行的方法来揭示详细的见解，因为它可以考虑多元和非线性关系。在技能习得领域，各种不同的算法都非常适合于帮助实现约束操作原则、代表性学习设计和功能可变性。具体来说，决策树或随机森林可以通过预测如何操纵约束来促进球员行为而使教练受益。规则关联可以识别竞争环境中的相互作用约束，然后可以在实践中复制。聚类技术可能有利于将相似的球员动作或活动重复分配到组中，允许教练通过从不同组中规定动作类型来操纵训练的可变性。这些技术被提出作为支持教练和应用运动科学家使用技术和数据的方法，以及增强他们在练习设计方面的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Contextual interference enhances vertical transfer of fine motor skill from upper to lower limbs 环境干扰增强精细运动技能从上肢到下肢的垂直转移

IF 1.9 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2025.103428

Satoshi Kasahara , Hiroshi Saito , Linjing Jiang , Kazumasa Yoshimi , Shikino Abe , Tomoya Ishida , Yuta Koshino , Mina Samukawa , Harukazu Tohyama

Background

While contextual interference (CI) is known to facilitate motor learning, its role in promoting interlimb transfer—particularly from the upper to the lower limb—remains underexplored.

Objective

This study examined how different practice schedules (random vs. serial) influence the transfer of fine force control both horizontally (to the contralateral hand) and vertically (to the contralateral ankle).

Methods

Thirty healthy young adults (N = 30; Male = 21, Female = 9; Mean age: 21.9 ± 1.6 years) were divided equally into a random (RTG: N = 15) or serial (STG: N = 15) schedule group. Most participants were right-handed, with three left-handed individuals included across the two groups. Participants practiced a force-matching task with their non-dominant hand using either a random or serial schedule. Transfer effects were assessed in the contralateral hand and ankle at four target force levels (20–80 % of maximal voluntary contraction, MVC).

Results

Both practice conditions improved force control in the contralateral hand (p < .05), indicating horizontal transfer. However, vertical transfer to the foot emerged only after random practice (p < .05) and was limited to moderate and high force levels. These findings suggest that the interaction between task difficulty and practice variability critically influences the extent and direction of interlimb transfer.

Conclusion

High CI practice promotes vertical transfer of motor skill when task demands are sufficiently challenging. These results highlight the importance of training structure in facilitating the generalization of motor control across limbs, offering practical implications for skill acquisition in both athletic and rehabilitation settings.

虽然上下文干扰（CI）被认为可以促进运动学习，但其在促进肢体间转移（特别是从上肢到下肢）中的作用仍未得到充分研究。目的研究不同的训练计划（随机与连续）如何影响精细力控制在水平（对侧手）和垂直（对侧踝关节）的转移。方法30例健康青年（男21例，女9例，平均年龄21.9±1.6岁）随机分为随机组（RTG: N = 15）和连续组（STG: N = 15）。大多数参与者都是右撇子，两组中有三个左撇子。参与者使用随机或连续的时间表，用他们的非优势手练习了一项力匹配任务。在4个目标力水平（最大自主收缩的20 - 80%，MVC）下评估对侧手和踝关节的转移效果。结果两种练习条件均能改善对侧手的力控制（p < 0.05），提示水平转移。然而，垂直转移到足部只有在随机练习后才会出现（p < 0.05），并且仅限于中等和高强度的力量水平。这些发现表明，任务难度和练习变异性之间的相互作用对肢体间转移的程度和方向有重要影响。结论当任务要求具有足够的挑战性时，高CI练习促进了运动技能的垂直转移。这些结果强调了训练结构在促进四肢运动控制泛化方面的重要性，为运动和康复环境中的技能习得提供了实际意义。

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