Scientific analysis on decorative sheet metals of the Spring and Autumn period unearthed from Zaoshulin cemetery, Hubei, China

IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104751
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Abstract

A large number of decorative sheet metals were unearthed from elite tombs of the Eastern Zhou period (770–221 BCE), especially in the Zeng state. However, the technological analysis and comparison between sheet metals unearthed from different states and regions in this context remain limited. In this paper, 16 samples of sheet metals excavated from the tomb of the Marquis of Zeng in Hubei province, dated to the middle Spring and Autumn period (664–559 BCE), were studied. Elemental analysis shows that these sheet metals are made of gold-copper, gold-silver, copper–gold and copper-tin alloys. It appeared that the craftsmen of the Zeng state had the knowledge to adjust the gold-copper alloy compositions to obtain different colours, creating the earliest rosy gold reported to date used in ancient China. The use of bronze sheets reflects a continuation of the Zhou cultural tradition in the Zeng state. Furthermore, a variety of bonding techniques were mastered by the craftsmen: the mixture of clay and some sorts of binding materials such as lacquer was used for bonding copper sheets and rosy gold sheets, while gold-mercury amalgam was used to bond multiple layers of rosy gold sheets. The appearance of these sheet metals on a large scale and the use of rosy gold as a new colour may reflect the aesthetic trends and cultural choices during the middle Spring and Autumn period.

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中国湖北枣林墓地出土春秋时期装饰金属片的科学分析
东周时期(公元前 770 年至公元前 221 年),尤其是曾国的精英墓葬中出土了大量装饰性金属片。然而,对这一背景下不同国家和地区出土的金属薄片的技术分析和比较仍然有限。本文研究了湖北曾侯墓出土的 16 件金属薄片样品,其年代为春秋中期(公元前 664-559 年)。元素分析表明,这些金属片由金-铜、金-银、铜-金和铜-锡合金制成。曾国的工匠似乎掌握了调整金铜合金成分以获得不同颜色的知识,从而创造出了迄今为止中国古代使用的最早的玫瑰金。青铜片的使用反映了周文化传统在曾国的延续。此外,工匠们还掌握了多种粘合技术:粘土和漆等一些粘合材料的混合物用于粘合铜片和玫瑰金片,而金汞合金则用于粘合多层玫瑰金片。这些金属片的大规模出现以及玫瑰金作为一种新颜色的使用,可能反映了春秋中期的审美趋势和文化选择。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
12.50%
发文量
405
期刊介绍: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports is aimed at archaeologists and scientists engaged with the application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. The journal focuses on the results of the application of scientific methods to archaeological problems and debates. It will provide a forum for reviews and scientific debate of issues in scientific archaeology and their impact in the wider subject. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports will publish papers of excellent archaeological science, with regional or wider interest. This will include case studies, reviews and short papers where an established scientific technique sheds light on archaeological questions and debates.
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