Pub Date : 2024-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104906
Zdeněk Vytlačil , Lukáš Ackerman , Zuzana Loskotová
Establishing a local 87Sr/86Sr range is a vital requirement for identifying non-locals in bioarchaeological mobility studies using strontium isotopes. In regions heavily influenced by modern human activities, however, the sampling of suitable materials that can be used to decipher the bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr range might be challenging. Here, we collected a wide range of samples representing different reference types of materials from the Nové Mlýny reservoirs area of South Moravia, Czech Republic, and discuss their suitability in human mobility research studies. This included 15 surface water samples, 15 homogenised plant samples, 12 tooth enamel and 1 dentine sample, 1 bone sample from archaeofauna, 6 snail shells and 6 human bones. The measured 87Sr/86Sr ratios revealed the major influence of strontium of non-local origin, carried by the Jihlava river, on the local waterscape. This influence is further enhanced by the changes to the waterscape during the 20th century and carried over to other sample libraries. The presented results demonstrate that special care is needed when selecting reference samples, to allow for a proper understanding of the prevailing conditions in the biologically available strontium (BASr) and to ensure a reliable BASr range estimation.
{"title":"Strontium isotopes in human mobility research: BASr proxies in an anthropologically modified landscape","authors":"Zdeněk Vytlačil , Lukáš Ackerman , Zuzana Loskotová","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Establishing a local <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr range is a vital requirement for identifying non-locals in bioarchaeological mobility studies using strontium isotopes. In regions heavily influenced by modern human activities, however, the sampling of suitable materials that can be used to decipher the bioavailable <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr range might be challenging. Here, we collected a wide range of samples representing different reference types of materials from the Nové Mlýny reservoirs area of South Moravia, Czech Republic, and discuss their suitability in human mobility research studies. This included 15 surface water samples, 15 homogenised plant samples, 12 tooth enamel and 1 dentine sample, 1 bone sample from archaeofauna, 6 snail shells and 6 human bones. The measured <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios revealed the major influence of strontium of non-local origin, carried by the Jihlava river, on the local waterscape. This influence is further enhanced by the changes to the waterscape during the 20th century and carried over to other sample libraries. The presented results demonstrate that special care is needed when selecting reference samples, to allow for a proper understanding of the prevailing conditions in the biologically available strontium (BASr) and to ensure a reliable BASr range estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104893
Bruno Vindrola-Padrós , Thies Schuldt , Adam Wojcik
During the Early Neolithic, Starčevo-Körös-Criș pottery became a widespread and long-lived phenomenon in the central Balkans. While there was variation in their decoration, form and use, the fabric of these ceramic materials, which more notably includes the use of organic temper was much more consistent. Explanations for this consistency abound, but most are unrelated to how these vessels performed mechanically in different activities. Given the centrality of cooking activities in Early Neolithic societies, a deeper understanding of the thermal shock behaviour of these ceramics is warranted. In this paper, we identify the effects of organic temper and manufacturing techniques in the thermal shock behaviour of low-fired pottery. With the novel use of a thermal cycler, disc-shaped replicas of Starčevo-Körös-Criș pottery bases were submitted to multiple moderate heating and cooling cycles to emulate past thermal shock conditions. With this apparatus, thermally induced cracks were generated, and thermal shock resistance was estimated through two parameters: crack growth and crack path tortuosity. In addition, three-point-bend tests were conducted independently. Our results indicate that, regardless of manufacturing method, fibres from organic temper toughen the ceramic material through energy dissipating mechanisms, such as crack deflection, bridging and micro-cracking, attaining stable crack growth and increasing the material’s thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, results from three-point-bend tests indicate that, while values of organic- and untempered discs did not differ, there was a notable reduction in the variation of flexural strength in organic-tempered specimens, which would have made these ceramics a more ‘predictable’ material. Thus, organic temper likely improved the mechanical behaviour of these vessels by creating mechanisms that regulated crack propagation, constituting a ‘cracking technology’, and is a plausible explanation for the long-term reproduction of these recipes in the Balkans.
{"title":"An Early Neolithic ‘cracking technology’: Assessing the thermal shock behaviour of organic-tempered low-fired ceramics","authors":"Bruno Vindrola-Padrós , Thies Schuldt , Adam Wojcik","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Early Neolithic, Starčevo-Körös-Criș pottery became a widespread and long-lived phenomenon in the central Balkans. While there was variation in their decoration, form and use, the fabric of these ceramic materials, which more notably includes the use of organic temper was much more consistent. Explanations for this consistency abound, but most are unrelated to how these vessels performed mechanically in different activities. Given the centrality of cooking activities in Early Neolithic societies, a deeper understanding of the thermal shock behaviour of these ceramics is warranted. In this paper, we identify the effects of organic temper and manufacturing techniques in the thermal shock behaviour of low-fired pottery. With the novel use of a thermal cycler, disc-shaped replicas of Starčevo-Körös-Criș pottery bases were submitted to multiple moderate heating and cooling cycles to emulate past thermal shock conditions. With this apparatus, thermally induced cracks were generated, and thermal shock resistance was estimated through two parameters: crack growth and crack path tortuosity. In addition, three-point-bend tests were conducted independently. Our results indicate that, regardless of manufacturing method, fibres from organic temper toughen the ceramic material through energy dissipating mechanisms, such as crack deflection, bridging and micro-cracking, attaining stable crack growth and increasing the material’s thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, results from three-point-bend tests indicate that, while values of organic- and untempered discs did not differ, there was a notable reduction in the variation of flexural strength in organic-tempered specimens, which would have made these ceramics a more ‘predictable’ material. Thus, organic temper likely improved the mechanical behaviour of these vessels by creating mechanisms that regulated crack propagation, constituting a ‘cracking technology’, and is a plausible explanation for the long-term reproduction of these recipes in the Balkans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104894
Eva Rocha , Alexa Dufraisse , Katja T. Rinne-Garmston , Elina Sahlstedt , Mercedes Mendez-Millan , Thanh Thuy Nguyen Tu , Olivier Girardclos , Michel Lemoine , Amir Ghavidel , Lucas Terrei , Anthony Collin , Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet , Frédéric Delarue
The fire of the Notre-Dame de Paris’s cathedral (NDP) in 2019 brought a unique opportunity to study the past environmental conditions in the region during the High Middle Ages through the charred oak beams of the “Forest” (name given to its framework). However, as a preamble, there is a need to evaluate the preservation of the stable carbon isotope signatures (δ13C) in response to changes in molecular composition, occurring with carbonisation. To this end, experimental studies were conducted on modern and NDP oak wood at both inter- and intra-annual levels. Laser ablation was used for the first time on burnt wood. Results show that regardless of the charring duration, at temperatures above 500 °C, carbonisation‑induced 13C fractionation shows a consistent decrease (Δ13C) of approximately 1 ‰ relative to uncharred values. Despite a slight decrease in variance, a strong and significant correlation (rmean = 0.9, p < 0.01) was observed between the uncharred time series and the carbonised counterpart, showing that the C isotopic variability is preserved. This study paves the way to use the charcoal remains from the Notre-Dame de Paris framework as a unique paleoenvironmental archive.
2019年巴黎圣母院大教堂（NDP）的大火为通过“森林”（其框架的名称）烧焦的橡木梁研究中世纪盛期该地区过去的环境状况提供了一个独特的机会。然而，作为前言，有必要评估稳定碳同位素特征（δ13C）的保存情况，以响应碳化过程中分子组成的变化。为此目的，在年际和年内水平上对现代和新发展时期的橡木进行了实验研究。激光烧蚀首次用于烧烧木材。结果表明，无论炭化持续时间如何，在高于500℃的温度下，炭化诱导的13C分馏相对于未炭化值呈现出约1‰的一致下降（Δ13C）。尽管方差略有下降，但相关性强且显著(rmean = 0.9, p <；在未炭化的时间序列和炭化的时间序列之间观察到0.01)，表明C同位素的变异被保留下来。这项研究为利用巴黎圣母院框架中的木炭遗骸作为独特的古环境档案铺平了道路。
{"title":"Preservation of δ13C signatures in oak charred wood: Application to the “forest” of Notre-Dame de Paris","authors":"Eva Rocha , Alexa Dufraisse , Katja T. Rinne-Garmston , Elina Sahlstedt , Mercedes Mendez-Millan , Thanh Thuy Nguyen Tu , Olivier Girardclos , Michel Lemoine , Amir Ghavidel , Lucas Terrei , Anthony Collin , Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet , Frédéric Delarue","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fire of the Notre-Dame de Paris’s cathedral (NDP) in 2019 brought a unique opportunity to study the past environmental conditions in the region during the High Middle Ages through the charred oak beams of the “Forest” (name given to its framework). However, as a preamble, there is a need to evaluate the preservation of the stable carbon isotope signatures (δ<sup>13</sup>C) in response to changes in molecular composition, occurring with carbonisation. To this end, experimental studies were conducted on modern and NDP oak wood at both inter- and intra-annual levels. Laser ablation was used for the first time on burnt wood. Results show that regardless of the charring duration, at temperatures above 500 °C, carbonisation‑induced <sup>13</sup>C fractionation shows a consistent decrease (Δ<sup>13</sup>C) of approximately 1 ‰ relative to uncharred values. Despite a slight decrease in variance, a strong and significant correlation (r<sub>mean</sub> = 0.9, p < 0.01) was observed between the uncharred time series and the carbonised counterpart, showing that the C isotopic variability is preserved. This study paves the way to use the charcoal remains from the Notre-Dame de Paris framework as a unique paleoenvironmental archive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104894"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104891
Christopher D. Standish , Paul Pettitt , Hipolito Collado , Juan Carlos Aguilar , J. Andy Milton , Marcos García-Diez , Dirk L. Hoffmann , João Zilhão , Alistair W.G. Pike
U-Th dating of associated carbonate crusts has been applied to date parietal art in Maltravieso cave, Extremadura, Spain. Known for its large collection of red hand stencils (≥60), one example previously dated to >66.7 ka was taken to suggest Neandertal authorship. Here we present a more detailed U-series study of hand stencils within the cave, and place the results in the context of the chronology of these motifs worldwide. Twenty-two carbonate samples overlying pigment of hand stencils were dated from the cave’s Sala de las Pinturas and the Galería de la Serpiente. Minimum ages for the art range from the Holocene to the Middle Palaeolithic. Alongside published dating results from other sites, this demonstrates that Neandertals as well as modern humans could create these motifs.
伴生碳酸盐岩结壳的U-Th定年法已应用于西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉Maltravieso洞穴的顶壁艺术定年。它以大量的红手印模板（≥60个）而闻名，其中一个可以追溯到66.7年前的例子被认为是尼安德特人的作品。在这里，我们对洞穴内的手工模板进行了更详细的u系列研究，并将结果置于这些图案在世界范围内的年代背景中。在Sala de las Pinturas洞穴和Galería de la Serpiente洞穴中，有22个碳酸盐样本覆盖在手绘模板的颜料上。这些艺术品的最小年代范围从全新世到旧石器时代中期。与其他网站公布的年代测定结果一起，这表明尼安德特人和现代人一样可以创造这些图案。
{"title":"The age of hand stencils in Maltravieso cave (Extremadura, Spain) established by U-Th dating, and its implications for the early development of art","authors":"Christopher D. Standish , Paul Pettitt , Hipolito Collado , Juan Carlos Aguilar , J. Andy Milton , Marcos García-Diez , Dirk L. Hoffmann , João Zilhão , Alistair W.G. Pike","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>U-Th dating of associated carbonate crusts has been applied to date parietal art in Maltravieso cave, Extremadura, Spain. Known for its large collection of red hand stencils (≥60), one example previously dated to >66.7 ka was taken to suggest Neandertal authorship. Here we present a more detailed U-series study of hand stencils within the cave, and place the results in the context of the chronology of these motifs worldwide. Twenty-two carbonate samples overlying pigment of hand stencils were dated from the cave’s Sala de las Pinturas and the Galería de la Serpiente. Minimum ages for the art range from the Holocene to the Middle Palaeolithic. Alongside published dating results from other sites, this demonstrates that Neandertals as well as modern humans could create these motifs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104895
P. Jeffrey Brantingham , Randall Haas , Steven L. Kuhn
Archaeological evidence of mobility is often analyzed using ethnographic-scale models of individual foraging trips and residential moves as a point of reference. Due to site formation processes and the limitations of geochronology, the archaeological record rarely offers the kind of fine-grained resolution needed to identify mobility events at this scale. Here we explore an alternative, macroarchaeological approach that asks how site occupation patterns in a region balance the evolutionary tradeoff between exploration and exploitation. We use a statistical point process model that equates independent-in-time occupations with mobility-driven exploration and dependent-in-time occupations with mobility-driven exploitation. We evaluate the theoretical expectations against the archaeological record of North America using radiocarbon dates from multi-occupation sites. We find strong clustering at short waiting-time intervals of less than under 1000 years, consistent with a model of mobility-driven exploitation at those scales. At longer time scales, waiting times are consistent with a model of mobility-driven exploration. Implications for social learning and niche construction models are explored.
{"title":"A macroarchaeological view of mobility","authors":"P. Jeffrey Brantingham , Randall Haas , Steven L. Kuhn","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Archaeological evidence of mobility is often analyzed using ethnographic-scale models of individual foraging trips and residential moves as a point of reference. Due to site formation processes and the limitations of geochronology, the archaeological record rarely offers the kind of fine-grained resolution needed to identify mobility events at this scale. Here we explore an alternative, macroarchaeological approach that asks how site occupation patterns in a region balance the evolutionary tradeoff between exploration and exploitation. We use a statistical point process model that equates independent-in-time occupations with mobility-driven exploration and dependent-in-time occupations with mobility-driven exploitation. We evaluate the theoretical expectations against the archaeological record of North America using radiocarbon dates from multi-occupation sites. We find strong clustering at short waiting-time intervals of less than under 1000 years, consistent with a model of mobility-driven exploitation at those scales. At longer time scales, waiting times are consistent with a model of mobility-driven exploration. Implications for social learning and niche construction models are explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104892
Liping Xue , Yong Xia , Yao Jin , Jiadian Wang , Shuang Wu , Ling Shen , Ningyuan Wang , Hong Chen
Ground stone knives and sickles were important implements in the lower Yangtze River region during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age, playing a pivotal role in understanding the technological behaviour and economic activities of prehistoric humans. In this study, twelve knives and seven sickles of the Liangzhu culture (ca. 3300BC–2300BC) and four knives of the Maqiao culture (ca. 1900BC–1200BC) were analysed, through an integrated approach that combined use-wear analysis, Py-GC/MS analysis, and replicative experimentation. The results show that three knives and one sickle of the Liangzhu culture and two knives of the Maqiao culture had been used for harvesting gramineous plants, probably rice. The knives of the Liangzhu culture were used with handles, exhibiting two different hafting techniques, one of which potentially involved the use of animal glue as binding agents. The half-moon-shaped knives of the Maqiao culture were used handheld with two working motions: upward picking and downward pinching. Besides harvesting tools, one hafted knife of Liangzhu culture used for scraping wood or bamboo was also identified. Notably, for the first time, evidence of polishing stone knives with gramineous plants has been found in both the Liangzhu and Maqiao cultures, which potentially signifies a special symbolic or ritual significance beyond their physical functions.
{"title":"A functional study of ground stone knives and sickles in the Lower Yangtze River Region during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age","authors":"Liping Xue , Yong Xia , Yao Jin , Jiadian Wang , Shuang Wu , Ling Shen , Ningyuan Wang , Hong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground stone knives and sickles were important implements in the lower Yangtze River region during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age, playing a pivotal role in understanding the technological behaviour and economic activities of prehistoric humans. In this study, twelve knives and seven sickles of the Liangzhu culture (ca. 3300BC–2300BC) and four knives of the Maqiao culture (ca. 1900BC–1200BC) were analysed, through an integrated approach that combined use-wear analysis, Py-GC/MS analysis, and replicative experimentation. The results show that three knives and one sickle of the Liangzhu culture and two knives of the Maqiao culture had been used for harvesting gramineous plants, probably rice. The knives of the Liangzhu culture were used with handles, exhibiting two different hafting techniques, one of which potentially involved the use of animal glue as binding agents. The half-moon-shaped knives of the Maqiao culture were used handheld with two working motions: upward picking and downward pinching. Besides harvesting tools, one hafted knife of Liangzhu culture used for scraping wood or bamboo was also identified. Notably, for the first time, evidence of polishing stone knives with gramineous plants has been found in both the Liangzhu and Maqiao cultures, which potentially signifies a special symbolic or ritual significance beyond their physical functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104876
Tanja Nussbaumer, Melanie Fillios
Geometric morphometrics (GMMs) is a valuable tool that can be used to identify variability within species, thereby distinguishing between breeds and closely related animals (e.g. sheep and goats). Identifying fine morphological differences is key to better understanding early herd management practices. Interestingly, GMMs has yet to be used in a colonial Australian context, particularly in the foundational period of colonial Sydney from 1790 to 1850. Given the overall importance of sheep to the development of colonial Australia, this analytical gap provides an opportunity to identify potential morphological variability, and so better understand colonial herd management strategies. Here we use GMMs to analyse an archaeological assemblage of sheep crania (n = 27) from the colonial Clarence Street site, in Sydney, Australia. These crania are compared to modern sheep specimens to test GMMs’ effectiveness at distinguishing between, as well as potentially allocating individuals to, specific breeds. We found certain morphological variations between the study assemblages, and so discuss our results in the context of a variety of explanatory frameworks such as differences in husbandry practices in colonial Sydney.
{"title":"Geometric morphometric analysis of cranium shape differences in sheep from colonial Sydney, Australia","authors":"Tanja Nussbaumer, Melanie Fillios","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geometric morphometrics (GMMs) is a valuable tool that can be used to identify variability within species, thereby distinguishing between breeds and closely related animals (e.g. sheep and goats). Identifying fine morphological differences is key to better understanding early herd management practices. Interestingly, GMMs has yet to be used in a colonial Australian context, particularly in the foundational period of colonial Sydney from 1790 to 1850. Given the overall importance of sheep to the development of colonial Australia, this analytical gap provides an opportunity to identify potential morphological variability, and so better understand colonial herd management strategies. Here we use GMMs to analyse an archaeological assemblage of sheep crania (<em>n</em> = 27) from the colonial Clarence Street site, in Sydney, Australia. These crania are compared to modern sheep specimens to test GMMs’ effectiveness at distinguishing between, as well as potentially allocating individuals to, specific breeds. We found certain morphological variations between the study assemblages, and so discuss our results in the context of a variety of explanatory frameworks such as differences in husbandry practices in colonial Sydney.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104876"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104875
C. Trevor Duke , Neill J. Wallis
This paper disseminates results of recent compositional analyses highlighting fundamental changes to the organization of pottery production in precontact southeastern North America. Previous research has indicated that changes to a given potting network alter the pacing and tempo of interactions between experts and apprentices, effectively restructuring intergenerational relationships within a community. For this reason, experienced potters may intentionally resist new technologies to keep active the social bonds that depend on a specific organization of production. This study combines technofunctional, petrographic, and chemical analyses to investigate the social implications of shifting from coiled to molded pottery production during the Mississippian (ca. AD 1050) transition in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. The primary empirical observations of this research are: 1) certain optical patterns in thin section identify a form of pottery production predicated on the use of concave molds, and 2) the lack of variation in vessel form was related to the shift to molding, and 3) the presence of chromium-enriched clays in domestic pottery after AD 1050 signaled increasing reliance on a restricted range of clay resources. We ultimately argue that molding developed as an expedient technique that broadened participation in domestic potting and eliminated steps in the socialization process as population flourished in Tampa Bay during the Mississippian transition.
{"title":"Breaking the mold: Compositional insights into the organization of Mississippian (ca. AD 1050–1550) pottery production in southeastern North America","authors":"C. Trevor Duke , Neill J. Wallis","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper disseminates results of recent compositional analyses highlighting fundamental changes to the organization of pottery production in precontact southeastern North America. Previous research has indicated that changes to a given potting network alter the pacing and tempo of interactions between experts and apprentices, effectively restructuring intergenerational relationships within a community. For this reason, experienced potters may intentionally resist new technologies to keep active the social bonds that depend on a specific organization of production. This study combines technofunctional, petrographic, and chemical analyses to investigate the social implications of shifting from coiled to molded pottery production during the Mississippian (ca. AD 1050) transition in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. The primary empirical observations of this research are: 1) certain optical patterns in thin section identify a form of pottery production predicated on the use of concave molds, and 2) the lack of variation in vessel form was related to the shift to molding, and 3) the presence of chromium-enriched clays in domestic pottery after AD 1050 signaled increasing reliance on a restricted range of clay resources. We ultimately argue that molding developed as an expedient technique that broadened participation in domestic potting and eliminated steps in the socialization process as population flourished in Tampa Bay during the Mississippian transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 104875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104889
Rafael Vega Centeno , Luis Pezo-Lanfranco , Petrus le Roux , André Carlo Colonese
We present the results of strontium isotope analysis conducted on human individuals recovered at the Huaca 20 sector of the Maranga Complex; a Late Lima settlement of the Lower Rimac Valley that flourished during the Middle Horizon Epoch 1 (600–800 CE). Our aim is to evaluate the diversity of the Huaca 20 population through an integrated approach that combines contextual analysis of burials’ associations, the bioarchaeological characterization of the buried individuals and the acquisition of 87Sr/86Sr compositions of individuals’ tooth enamel to explore early-life values and probable geographic origins. Our results reveal a scenario of a mainly local population with a minority of foreign individuals that suggest mobility consistent with post marital residential patterns. The lack of correlation between individual’s origins and a diversity of burial practices and associations (as for example, foreign umber ware ceramics) suggests that mobility might have occurred as a continuous phenomenon, which resulted in a cosmopolitan population, generated under regional interactions that occurred beyond elite control.
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Pub Date : 2024-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104890
Rocío Torino , María Mercedes Morita , Mariano Bonomo
The aim of this paper is to advance the understanding of the technological processes behind pre-Hispanic ceramic production in the Lower Paraná River (Argentina) through the application of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). This computational stereo-photometric method allows the surface relief of objects to be recorded under different illumination directions. In this way, details such as cracks, changes in relief and small holes that are not visible by direct observation or standard photography can be revealed. This technique was applied to two ceramic objects recovered from the archaeological sites Cerro de las Pajas Blancas 1 and La Calavera (San Jerónimo department, Santa Fe province). From the first site, a motif made using the drag and jab technique was analyzed, and from the second site, a piece exhibiting a net imprint on its interior was studied. It is proposed, on the one hand, that RTI provides more information than standard digital photography for the documentation and analysis of different techniques applied to ceramic surfaces. On the other hand, RTI continues to demonstrate its value as a tool for studying archaeological artefacts, as it is effective, non-invasive, cost-efficient, and creates a permanent interactive record without the need for physical manipulation of the artefact.
本文旨在通过反射变换成像（RTI）技术的应用，加深对阿根廷巴拉那河下游地区前西班牙时期陶瓷生产技术过程的了解。这种计算立体光度法可以在不同的光照方向下记录物体的表面浮雕。通过这种方法，直接观察或标准摄影无法看到的裂缝、浮雕变化和小孔等细节都可以显现出来。这项技术应用于从 Cerro de las Pajas Blancas 1 和 La Calavera（圣塔菲省圣赫罗尼莫省）考古遗址中发掘的两件陶瓷器。在第一个遗址中，我们分析了一个使用拖拽技术制作的图案；在第二个遗址中，我们研究了一个内部有网状印记的器物。一方面，在记录和分析应用于陶瓷表面的不同技术方面，建议使用 RTI 提供比标准数字摄影更多的信息。另一方面，RTI 继续证明了其作为考古文物研究工具的价值，因为它有效、非侵入性、成本效益高，并且无需对文物进行物理操作即可创建永久性的互动记录。
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