The effects of digital nature and actual nature on stress reduction: A meta-analysis and systematic review

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Internet Interventions-The Application of Information Technology in Mental and Behavioural Health Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI:10.1016/j.invent.2024.100772

Luyao Fan, Mohamad Rizal Baharum

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Abstract

Objectives

The study aims to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of digital nature and actual nature on stress reduction.

Methods

In August 2023, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, and EBSCOhost databases were used, and ten articles were in the analysis, with a total sample size of 886 participants. Studies within- or between-subjects design conducted in either a randomized controlled trial or a quasi-experimental design were included. No restriction was put on the year of publication or geographical region. Conference papers and dissertations were also included whereas, book chapters were excluded. Participants included those who were exposed to at least one form of digital nature exposure, such as static images, videos, 360° pictures, and 360° videos. The risk of bias determined through Review Manager 5.4 was used to assess the quality of the studies. STATA software package version 16 was used for visual analysis of funnel plots. For the assessment of potential publication bias, Egger's test was implemented.

Results

Digital natural environments had the same level of stress recovery compared to actual environmental exposures with the same intervention content (SMD = −0.01; 95% CI: −0.15, 0.12). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression indicated that subjective or physiological stress measures, level of immersion, and data extraction method were not associated with pooled effect stress recovery. All subgroups showed comparable stress levels in both conditions. In addition, all included studies had different levels of risk of bias (low, moderate, and high).

Conclusions

The present study concludes that previous research has generally shown that stress levels are reduced in both digital and actual natural environments. The results of the meta-analysis support this conclusion with no significant differences between the two modes of stress recovery through nature viewing.

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数字自然和真实自然对减压的影响：荟萃分析和系统综述

方法2023年8月，研究人员使用Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、PubMed和EBSCOhost数据库，分析了10篇文章，总样本量为886人。研究采用随机对照试验或准实验设计，纳入了受试者内或受试者间设计的研究。发表年份或地理区域不受限制。会议论文和学位论文也包括在内，但不包括书籍章节。参与者包括至少接触过一种数字自然形式的人，如静态图片、视频、360°图片和360°视频。通过审查管理器 5.4 确定的偏倚风险用于评估研究质量。使用 STATA 软件包 16 版对漏斗图进行可视化分析。结果与干预内容相同的实际环境暴露相比，数字自然环境的压力恢复水平相同（SMD = -0.01；95% CI：-0.15，0.12）。分组分析和元回归表明，主观或生理压力测量、沉浸程度和数据提取方法与压力恢复的综合效果无关。所有亚组在两种条件下的压力水平相当。此外，所有纳入的研究都存在不同程度的偏差风险（低、中、高）。结论本研究认为，以往的研究普遍表明，在数字环境和实际自然环境中，压力水平都会降低。荟萃分析的结果支持这一结论，通过观赏自然恢复压力的两种模式之间没有显著差异。

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来源期刊

Internet Interventions-The Application of Information Technology in Mental and Behavioural Health Medicine-Health Informatics

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

9.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Official Journal of the European Society for Research on Internet Interventions (ESRII) and the International Society for Research on Internet Interventions (ISRII). The aim of Internet Interventions is to publish scientific, peer-reviewed, high-impact research on Internet interventions and related areas. Internet Interventions welcomes papers on the following subjects: • Intervention studies targeting the promotion of mental health and featuring the Internet and/or technologies using the Internet as an underlying technology, e.g. computers, smartphone devices, tablets, sensors • Implementation and dissemination of Internet interventions • Integration of Internet interventions into existing systems of care • Descriptions of development and deployment infrastructures • Internet intervention methodology and theory papers • Internet-based epidemiology • Descriptions of new Internet-based technologies and experiments with clinical applications • Economics of internet interventions (cost-effectiveness) • Health care policy and Internet interventions • The role of culture in Internet intervention • Internet psychometrics • Ethical issues pertaining to Internet interventions and measurements • Human-computer interaction and usability research with clinical implications • Systematic reviews and meta-analysis on Internet interventions