Aesthetics of Death in the Paleolithic and Mesolithic of Italy. The Evolution of Grave goods

IF 0.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Anthropologie Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.anthro.2024.103279
Fabio Martini , Giacomo Giacobini
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Abstract

This paper presents an updated panorama of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic burials in Italy, with references to the trend known for the European area. The entire repertoire is divided into two macroblocks, the Gravettian and the Epigravettian. The Gravettian burials are characterized by a certain variability (number of deceased, decubitus) and at the same time by a marked homogeneity relating to the richness of the grave goods, with a strong aesthetic-emotional value. The funerary ritual seems aimed at maintaining the identity of the deceased through the originality of the grave goods and personal ornaments. The second block of burials refers to the Final Epigravettian, in the last millennia of the Pleistocene. The funerary practice maintains some traditional characteristics but the ideology has changed: the burials are very sober and the grave goods are very poor or absent (with the exception of Liguria). In the chronological range of approximately 20-13,000 BP, only one burial (Romito 9) is currently known, dating to the Evolved Epigravettian, which is still influenced by the Gravettian tradition. The Mesolithic culture of death accentuates the Epigravettian character of sobriety. In the chrono-cultural complex examined, the ritual procedures identify some micro-regions which, albeit with a cosmopolitan inspiration, take on original features.

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意大利旧石器时代和中石器时代的死亡美学。墓葬用品的演变
本文介绍了意大利旧石器时代和中石器时代墓葬的最新全景,并参考了欧洲地区的已知趋势。整个墓葬分为两个大的区块,即格拉维特和埃皮格拉维特。格拉维蒂时期墓葬的特点是具有一定的可变性(死者人数、褥疮),同时在墓葬物品的丰富性方面具有明显的同质性,具有很强的审美情感价值。丧葬仪式似乎旨在通过墓葬用品和个人装饰品的独创性来保持死者的身份。第二组墓葬是指更新世最后一千年的末代墓葬。殡葬习俗保留了一些传统特征,但意识形态发生了变化:墓葬非常简朴,墓葬用品非常贫乏或没有(利古里亚除外)。在大约公元前 20-13,000 年的年代范围内,目前只知道一个墓葬(罗米托 9 号),其年代属于进化的埃皮格拉维蒂时期,仍然受到格拉维蒂传统的影响。中石器时代的死亡文化突出了埃皮格拉维特人的清醒特征。在所考察的年代文化复合体中,仪式程序确定了一些微观区域,这些区域虽然具有世界性的灵感,但也具有原始特征。
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来源期刊
Anthropologie
Anthropologie ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: First published in 1890, Anthropologie remains one of the most important journals devoted to prehistoric sciences and paleoanthropology. It regularly publishes thematic issues, originalsarticles and book reviews.
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