Biogenic Production of Silver Nanoparticles Using Neocosmospora Solani Endophytic Fungal Extract: Their In Vitro Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties

Abstract

The biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials has great advantages, biocompatible, and valuable material production. In this study, we demonstrated a sustainable and biocompatible approach for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using the endophytic fungi Neocosmospora solani (NS) extract isolated from the Anaphalis contorta stem. The anticancer and antibacterial potential of bioactive NS mediated AgNPs was evaluated by in vitro studies. The physicochemical characteristics of synthesized NS-AgNPs were systematically investigated by UV-vis, XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, DLS and Zeta potential analyzer. In details, UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of biosynthesized NS-AgNPs at 432 nm, while XRD analysis confirmed their crystal nature. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of functional groups in biomolecules that act as a capping agent for the nanoparticles. SEM was used to evaluate the shape of AgNPs. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that the average particle size is 362.3 nm, a zeta potential was − 0.168 mV with a single peak. The biosystem technique produced stable AgNPs up to 2 months following synthesis. In addition, the NS-AgNPs were exposed to excellent antibacterial efficacy against human pathogenic bacterial strains. The results of the anticancer assessment of NS-AgNPs against A549 lung cancer cells revealed that the dose-dependent cytotoxic and morphological changes have been reported in both AO/EB and Hoechst’s staining assays. In the future, it might be an excellent antibiotic and anticancer material for biomedical applications.