Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials最新文献

Recent advances in clean technologies have led to the development of environmentally sustainable methods for synthesizing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), a material crucial for several applications. This review explores various eco-friendly approaches, such as electrochemical, photochemical, photothermal, laser, and hydrothermal reduction, along with the innovative spun calcination method. Unlike conventional methods, which often use toxic chemicals and require high energy, these green methods reduce environmental impact while enhancing scalability and material properties. We particularly highlight the spun calcination method, which employs electrospinning, for its ability to produce high-purity rGO with minimal defects and waste. We also discuss the optimization of rGO synthesis through the use of different polymer precursors such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinyldene fluoride (PVDF). This review aims to guide future research toward more efficient, scalable, and sustainable rGO production, supporting broader advancements in green nanotechnology.

Graphical Abstract

Nanoscale ZSM-5 zeolites (NZSM-5) having different crystal sizes and Si/tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) molar ratios were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. These materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and N₂ adsorption–desorption. The results showed that each zeolite was highly crystalline regardless of the Si/TPAOH ratio and that the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas were in the range of 329−392 m²/g. The random aggregation of these nanoparticles resulted in the formation of numerous intergranular mesopores. These NZSM-5 zeolites were applied to the catalytic cracking of oleic acid to prepare light olefins and light aromatics using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reactor. The zeolite having a Si/TPAOH ratio of 10/5 showed the best catalytic activity and provided light olefins yield of 55% and selectivity of BTX in liquid phase products of 18%, respectively, at 500 °C. The small crystal size and abundant intergranular mesopores in this specimen resulted in shorter diffusion paths and an increase in the external specific surface area that both inhibited coke deposition and ensured accessible acid sites.

Graphical Abstract

The novel material halide double perovskites Cs₂TlYF₆ (Y = Ag, Co) are the potential candidates for thermoelectric and photovoltaic devices. The ground state and temperature dependent electronic transport properties are computed for Cs₂TlYF₆ (Y = Ag, Co) by utilizing density functional theory as employed within WIEN2k package. The negative energy of formation and obtained optimization plots validated the stability of studied halides. The computed electronic properties (band structure, DOS) reveal the semiconductor behavior with band gap value of 1.95 eV and 3.55 eV for Cs₂TlAgF₆ and Cs₂TlCoF₆, correspondingly. The optical features are illustrated in terms of dielectric function (varepsilon left(omega right)), coefficient of optical absrobance, extinction coefficient, refractive index, and reflectivity. The optimal absorbance in the visible and UV spectrum of light, affirms the materials availability for optoelectronic devices. Thermoelectric characteristics exhibit maximum ZT value, higher Seebeck coefficients and lower thermal conductivity. A ZT of 1.46 at 300 K is attained for Cs₂TlCoF₆, while 0.74 is achieved for Cs₂TlAgF₆. Presented theoretical simulations indicate that the explored materials can of potential usage in renewable energy fields.

The biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials has great advantages, biocompatible, and valuable material production. In this study, we demonstrated a sustainable and biocompatible approach for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using the endophytic fungi Neocosmospora solani (NS) extract isolated from the Anaphalis contorta stem. The anticancer and antibacterial potential of bioactive NS mediated AgNPs was evaluated by in vitro studies. The physicochemical characteristics of synthesized NS-AgNPs were systematically investigated by UV-vis, XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, DLS and Zeta potential analyzer. In details, UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of biosynthesized NS-AgNPs at 432 nm, while XRD analysis confirmed their crystal nature. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of functional groups in biomolecules that act as a capping agent for the nanoparticles. SEM was used to evaluate the shape of AgNPs. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that the average particle size is 362.3 nm, a zeta potential was − 0.168 mV with a single peak. The biosystem technique produced stable AgNPs up to 2 months following synthesis. In addition, the NS-AgNPs were exposed to excellent antibacterial efficacy against human pathogenic bacterial strains. The results of the anticancer assessment of NS-AgNPs against A549 lung cancer cells revealed that the dose-dependent cytotoxic and morphological changes have been reported in both AO/EB and Hoechst’s staining assays. In the future, it might be an excellent antibiotic and anticancer material for biomedical applications.

In the present work, a phenanthroline based Palladium(0) complex was synthesized using post synthetic functionalization of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core shell MNPS via 1,10-phenanthroline-4,7-dicarboxylic acid as the ligand for coordination to Pd(0). The characterization of the resulting Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Phen-Pd(0) nanocomposite was performed using several techniques and was successfully employed as an efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst for synthesizing benzothiazole amides via the reaction of 2-amino benzothiazoles with aryl and heteroaryl iodides and Mo(CO)₆ as the carbonyl source in glycerol at 100 °C. In the mentioned catalytic system, the intended products were obtained with good to excellent yields along with high selectivity. The heterogeneous Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Phen-Pd(0) nanocatalyst can be recovered easily using an external magnet and recycled six times with no notable decrease in catalytic activity. Moreover, several techniques were used to characterize the recovered Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Phen-Pd(0) nanocatalyst and it was demonstrated that the catalyst maintained its structure intact following the recovery process.

Graphical Abstract

Protection against microbial invasion has gained much attention to accelerate wound healing. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have antimicrobial properties due to their partial release of metallic ions. In this study, Zn-Al LDHs was chemically prepared and then supported on cellulose acetate (CA) in the form of nanocomposite. This novel Zn-Al LDHs/CA nanocomposite was in vitro characterized, and its antibacterial efficacy was determined using the agar well diffusion method. Moreover, healing capabilities of the nanocomposite were evaluated via topical application on wounds and burns induced in earthworms as a model of human skin like. The average crystallite sizes of Zn-Al LDHs and 50% Zn-Al/CA nanocomposite were 18.4 nm and 14.8 nm, respectively. TEM micrographs revealed that pure CA, pure Zn-Al LDHs, and 50% Zn-Al LDHs/CA nanocomposites had an average particle size of 27.7 ± 13.5, 296.2 ± 123, and 223.2 ± 83.4 nm, respectively. Pure Zn-Al LDHs showed antibacterial activity against different bacterial strains (Inhibition zone: 15 ± 2 to 20 ± 4 mm). However, when 50% Zn-Al LDHs was supported on CA, the inhibition zone was significantly higher (20 ± 3 to 26 ± 2 mm). Visual inspection, scanning electron microscopy and histological studies of earthworm skin revealed better morphology and shorter healing duration with Zn-Al LDHs/CA nanosystem (66 h for wounds and 144 h for burns) when compared with untreated control (> 400 h). In conclusion, these findings reveal that Zn-Al LDHs/CA nanocomposite is a promising promoter for wound and burn healing due to its biocompatibility and antibacterial activity.

With the rapidly depleting fossil fuel reserves amid growing demand for energy, recycling heavy fuel residues from refineries and other petrochemical derivatives like plastic waste, which are available in abundance, can be an unexplored raw material for energy retrieval. Effective and environmentally friendly methods of pyrolysis technique can be employed to generate renewable energy. Co-pyrolysis of heavy petrochemical and waste plastics petrochemical residues to establish their physical and chemical characteristics and apprehend the prospective of the products for possible applications. In our ongoing research, we are currently categorizing the consequential liquid output through the simultaneous treatment of plastic waste alongside residual fuel oil (RFO) in a constant temperature setting. Characterization techniques, including Carbon-13, Proton NMR (¹³C NMR &¹H NMR), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), ultimate analyzer, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and bomb calorimetry were utilized to characterize the liquid yield products. Further, fuel properties, including pour point, flashpoint, and density, were also investigated. The study revealed a significant reduction of molecular weight as a consequence of Co-pyrolysis, a drop in the protonated aromatic carbons, and an upsurge in the abundance of aliphatic carbons (saturated) with aliphatic complexes as the chief component was witnessed in the spectrum. The pour point of the liquid derived from co-processing was measured to be within the range of 18–25 °C, while the calorific energy of the liquid sample generated through Co-pyrolysis was determined to fall between 43–45 MJ/kg. Through the study, it has been discovered that co-pyrolysis of waste polymer with RFO can be an alternative route of waste recovery for sustainable solutions and the transformation of waste into valuable secondary added-value chemical products and energy sources.

The objective of this study is to produce carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by utilizing banana peels and including silymarin (SL-CQDs) to improve their antibacterial capabilities and effectiveness against Human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells under laboratory conditions. The current research aims to synthesize highly fluorescent carbon dots and activated carbon from banana peels using a hydrothermal method, with a focus on reducing costs and avoiding environmental consequences. Carbon quantum dots, which are synthesized, possess exceptional biocompatibility and can serve as nano-carriers to enhance the accessibility of Polyphenolic flavonoid silymarin. Chemotherapeutics are essential in treating aggressive malignancies, but they have limitations such as a lack of selectivity and the development of multidrug resistance, which can result in the spread of cancer. Despite its promising features, the clinical research of silymarin is hindered by difficulties such as poor water solubility, adsorption, and instability. The antimicrobial efficacy of SL-CQDs was assessed against gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli, as well as gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The SL-CQDs demonstrated antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 µg/mL. When SL-CQDs were administered at an IC50 concentration of 18 µg/mL, the viability of MCF-7 cells decreased. The existence of apoptotic bodies suggests that the introduction of silymarin induces a specific form of cellular demise. SL-CQDs possess notable antibacterial activities and efficiently suppress the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Our recent analysis suggests that SL-CQDs have the potential to be advantageous in the effective therapeutic treatment of Human pathogens and breast cancer cells.