In-situ measurements of light diffusion in an optically dense atomic ensemble

Antoine Glicenstein, Apoorva Apoorva, Daniel Benedicto Orenes, Hector Letellier, Alvaro Mitchell Galvão de Melo, Raphaël Saint-Jalm, Robin Kaiser
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Abstract

This study introduces a novel method to investigate in-situ light transport within optically thick ensembles of cold atoms, exploiting the internal structure of alkaline-earth metals. A method for creating an optical excitation at the center of a large atomic cloud is demonstrated, and we observe its propagation through multiple scattering events. In conditions where the cloud size is significantly larger than the transport mean free path, a diffusive regime is identified. We measure key parameters including the diffusion coefficient, transport velocity, and transport time, finding a good agreement with diffusion models. We also demonstrate that the frequency of the photons launched inside the system can be controlled. This approach enables direct time- and space-resolved observation of light diffusion in atomic ensembles, offering a promising avenue for exploring new diffusion regimes.
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光学致密原子集合体中光扩散的现场测量
本研究利用碱土金属的内部结构,介绍了一种研究冷原子光学厚集合内部原位光传输的新方法。我们展示了一种在大原子云中心产生光激发的方法,并通过多次散射事件观察了光激发的传播。在云的大小明显大于传输平均自由路径的条件下,我们发现了一种扩散机制。我们测量了关键参数,包括扩散系数、传输速度和传输时间,发现与扩散模型非常吻合。我们还证明,在系统内部发射光子的频率是可以控制的。这种方法能够对原子团中的光扩散进行直接的时间和空间分辨观测,为探索新的扩散机制提供了一种前景广阔的途径。
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