Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Stanniocalcin-1 in Retinal Degeneration.

IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Survey of ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.08.001
Kexin Wang,Yashuang Liu,Siyu Li,Na Zhao,Fangyuan Qin,Ye Tao,Zongming Song
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Abstract

Retinal degeneration (RD) is a group of ocular diseases characterized by progressive photoreceptor apoptosis and visual impairment. Mitochondrial malfunction, excessive oxidative stress, and chronic activation of neuroglia collectively contribute to the development of RD. Currently, there is a lack of efficacious therapeutic interventions for RD. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a promising candidate molecule to decelerate photoreceptor cell death. STC-1 is a secreted calcium/phosphorus regulatory protein that exerts diverse protective effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that STC-1 protects retinal cells from ischemic injury, oxidative stress, and excessive apoptosis through enhancing the expression of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2). Furthermore, STC-1 exerts its antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of microglia and macrophages, as well as the synthesis and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6. By employing these mechanisms, STC-1 effectively shields the retinal photoreceptors and optic nerve, thereby slowing down the progression of RD. This review summarizes the STC-1 mediated therapeutic effects on the degenerating retina, with a particular focus on its underlying mechanisms. These findings highlight that STC-1 may act as a versatile molecule to treat degenerative retinopathy. Further research on STC-1 is imperative to establish the optimal protocols for its clinical use.
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揭示 Stanniocalcin-1 在视网膜变性中的治疗潜力和机制。
视网膜变性(RD)是一组以进行性感光细胞凋亡和视力损害为特征的眼科疾病。线粒体功能失调、过度氧化应激和神经胶质细胞的慢性激活共同导致了视网膜变性的发生。目前,RD 还缺乏有效的治疗干预措施。Stanniocalcin-1(STC-1)是一种有望减缓感光细胞死亡的候选分子。STC-1 是一种分泌型钙磷调节蛋白,具有多种保护作用。越来越多的证据表明,STC-1 通过增强解偶联蛋白-2(UCP-2)的表达,保护视网膜细胞免受缺血性损伤、氧化应激和过度凋亡。此外,STC-1 还能抑制小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞的活化,以及 TNF-α、IL-1 和 IL-6 等促炎细胞因子的合成和分泌,从而发挥抗炎作用。通过这些机制,STC-1 能有效保护视网膜光感受器和视神经,从而延缓 RD 的发展。本综述总结了 STC-1 对变性视网膜的治疗作用,并特别关注其潜在机制。这些发现突出表明,STC-1 可能是治疗退行性视网膜病变的多功能分子。对 STC-1 的进一步研究势在必行,以便为其临床应用制定最佳方案。
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来源期刊
Survey of ophthalmology
Survey of ophthalmology 医学-眼科学
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
2.00%
发文量
138
审稿时长
14.8 weeks
期刊介绍: Survey of Ophthalmology is a clinically oriented review journal designed to keep ophthalmologists up to date. Comprehensive major review articles, written by experts and stringently refereed, integrate the literature on subjects selected for their clinical importance. Survey also includes feature articles, section reviews, book reviews, and abstracts.
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