The role of women and the obstacles to biodiversity conservation in developed and developing countries

IF 4.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environment, Development and Sustainability Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.1007/s10668-024-05407-6
Helyone Sarita das Mercês Lima, Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque Cunha
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Abstract

Women play several significant roles in biodiversity conservation, be they linked to conservation’s main activities or decision-making. However, there are countless barriers and disparities capable of affecting the performance of their roles. From this perspective, this study aimed to investigate and compare the roles played by women in the conservation and management of biodiversity. Additionally, it sought to evaluate the obstacles and disparities they face in this process, focusing on both developed and developing countries. We carried out a systematic review of the literature, using the PRISMA Protocol to avoid biased data. We reviewed 400 articles. However, only 73 articles were included in this study, as they met the inclusion criteria. We used the Discursive Textual Analysis method to identify the categories of roles and obstacles found in the articles. We have identified 8 categories of roles played by women in biodiversity conservation and 11 obstacles/difficulties faced by them to perform their role. Developed countries did not show conservation’s main activities, only environmental governance categories, biodiversity management, and others (environmentalist movements). Concerning developing countries, ‘management of natural resources’ was the most cited category in the analyzed studies. There were several main activities related to agriculture in developing countries, mainly agroecology, sustainable agriculture, and agrobiodiversity. Developed countries stood out for double shifts, lack of public policies, lack of financing, gender discrimination, cross-sectional factors, and climatic skepticism, as obstacles to biodiversity conservation. We have concluded that there are differences in the roles played by women in developed and developing countries. We understood that the cross-sectional factors, that is, factors that encompass ethnicity, race, age, geographic location, gender, religion, sexual orientation, and/or the condition of a person with a disability, were the most observed obstacle/difficulty in both developing and developed countries.

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发达国家和发展中国家妇女的作用以及保护生物多样性的障碍
妇女在生物多样性保护方面发挥着多种重要作用,无论是与保护的主要活动有关, 还是与决策有关。然而,有无数的障碍和差异会影响她们发挥作用。从这一角度出发,本研究旨在调查和比较妇女在生物多样性保护和管理中发挥的作用。此外,研究还以发达国家和发展中国家为重点,试图评估她们在这一过程中所面临的障碍和差距。我们采用 PRISMA 协议对文献进行了系统回顾,以避免数据偏差。我们审查了 400 篇文章。然而,由于符合纳入标准,只有 73 篇文章被纳入本研究。我们采用了辨证文本分析法来确定文章中的角色和障碍类别。我们确定了妇女在生物多样性保护中扮演的 8 类角色,以及她们在发挥作用时面临的 11 种障碍/困难。发达国家没有显示保护的主要活动,只有环境治理类别、生物多样性管理和其他(环保运动)。关于发展中国家,"自然资源管理 "是分析研究中引用最多的类别。发展中国家有几项主要活动与农业有关,主要是生态农业、可持续农业和农业生物多样性。发达国家在双重转变、缺乏公共政策、缺乏资金、性别歧视、跨部门因素和气候怀疑论方面表现突出,成为生物多样性保护的障碍。我们得出的结论是,在发达国家和发展中国家,妇女发挥的作用存在差异。我们了解到,横断面因素,即包括民族、种族、年龄、地理位置、性别、宗教、性取向和/或残疾人状况的因素,是发展中国家和发达国家最常见的障碍/困难。
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来源期刊
Environment, Development and Sustainability
Environment, Development and Sustainability Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics and Econometrics
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
6.10%
发文量
754
期刊介绍: Environment, Development and Sustainability is an international and multidisciplinary journal covering all aspects of the environmental impacts of socio-economic development. It is also concerned with the complex interactions which occur between development and environment, and its purpose is to seek ways and means for achieving sustainability in all human activities aimed at such development. The subject matter of the journal includes the following and related issues: -mutual interactions among society, development and environment, and their implications for sustainable development -technical, economic, ethical and philosophical aspects of sustainable development -global sustainability - the obstacles and ways in which they could be overcome -local and regional sustainability initiatives, their practical implementation, and relevance for use in a wider context -development and application of indicators of sustainability -development, verification, implementation and monitoring of policies for sustainable development -sustainable use of land, water, energy and biological resources in development -impacts of agriculture and forestry activities on soil and aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity -effects of energy use and global climate change on development and sustainability -impacts of population growth and human activities on food and other essential resources for development -role of national and international agencies, and of international aid and trade arrangements in sustainable development -social and cultural contexts of sustainable development -role of education and public awareness in sustainable development -role of political and economic instruments in sustainable development -shortcomings of sustainable development and its alternatives.
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