Inferring hyperuniformity from local structures via persistent homology

Abstract

Hyperuniformity refers to the suppression of density fluctuations at large scales. Typical for ordered systems, this property also emerges in several disordered physical and biological systems, where it is particularly relevant to understand mechanisms of pattern formation and to exploit peculiar attributes, e.g., interaction with light and transport phenomena. While hyperuniformity is a global property, it has been shown in [Phys. Rev. Research 6, 023107 (2024)] that global hyperuniform characteristics systematically correlate with topological properties representative of local arrangements. In this work, building on this information, we explore and assess the inverse relationship between hyperuniformity and local structures in point distributions as described by persistent homology. Standard machine learning algorithms trained on persistence diagrams are shown to detect hyperuniformity with high accuracy. Therefore, we demonstrate that the information on patterns' local structure allows for inferring hyperuniformity. Then, addressing more quantitative aspects, we show that parameters defining hyperuniformity globally, for instance entering the structure factor, can be reconstructed by comparing persistence diagrams of targeted patterns with reference ones. We also explore the generation of patterns entailing given topological properties. The results of this study pave the way for advanced analysis of hyperuniform patterns including local information, and introduce basic concepts for their inverse design.