Enhancement of the Cerean Exosphere by Sublimation from Complex Craters

IF 3.8 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS The Planetary Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI:10.3847/psj/ad60c9
Patrick O’Brien, Jennifer E. C. Scully, Margaret E. Landis, Norbert Schörghofer and Paul O. Hayne
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Abstract

On icy bodies like the dwarf planet Ceres, impacts excavate volatile-rich material from beneath a dessicated lag layer and deposit it in the near-surface environment where higher temperatures drive sublimation. Ice has been detected in the upper meter of the ejecta blanket and interior of Occator crater, suggesting that large craters could be a significant source of exospheric water vapor. We assess the present-day exospheric contribution of a complex crater by first estimating the extent of volatile-rich deposits associated with a crater of a given size. We use a vapor diffusion model to calculate sublimation rates from the deposits, taking into account constraints on the thermophysical parameters of icy regolith from the Dawn mission. Extrapolating this model to craters formed throughout Ceres’ history, we find that the cumulative present-day sublimation rate from all complex crater deposits is ∼0.01 kg s−1, a factor of a few times greater than the outgassing rate from the global ice table. The dominant source of sublimation is not the conspicuous faculae but rather the volatile-rich ejecta blankets, which cover a significantly larger area than deposits in the crater interior. Because large impacts can blanket a significant fraction of the surface with ice-rich ejecta, complex craters are crucial for understanding the background present-day exosphere and the history of sublimation on icy bodies.
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复杂陨石坑的升华增强了太阳系外大气层
在像矮行星谷神星这样的冰体上,撞击将富含挥发性的物质从干化滞留层下挖掘出来,并将其沉积在近表面环境中,在那里较高的温度促使其升华。在奥卡托陨石坑的喷出物毯上层和内部都检测到了冰,这表明大型陨石坑可能是大气层外水汽的重要来源。我们首先估算了与给定大小的陨石坑相关的富含挥发性沉积物的范围,从而评估了复杂陨石坑目前对大气层的贡献。我们利用一个水汽扩散模型来计算沉积物的升华率,同时考虑到黎明号任务中对冰质残积岩热物理参数的限制。将该模型推断到整个谷神星历史上形成的陨石坑,我们发现所有复杂陨石坑沉积物的累积升华速率为 0.01 千克/秒-1,比全球冰台的排气速率高出几倍。升华的主要来源不是明显的面,而是富含挥发性物质的喷出岩毯,其覆盖面积远远大于陨石坑内部的沉积物。由于大型撞击可以用富含冰的喷出物覆盖很大一部分表面,因此复杂的陨石坑对于了解当今背景外大气层和冰体升华的历史至关重要。
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来源期刊
The Planetary Science Journal
The Planetary Science Journal Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
15 weeks
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