An efficient approach to the inpatient Syncope Workup.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE This review aims to provide hospitalists with a streamlined understanding of the evaluation of syncope, a commonly encountered complaint in hospital medicine. METHODS Authors conducted a literature review using the keyword 'syncope' to compile current evidence and recommendations regarding the categorization, risk stratification, and diagnostic evaluation of syncope. RESULTS The review outlines the categorization of syncope into cardiac, neurally-mediated, and orthostatic types, detailing the clinical features, etiologies, and differential diagnoses of each. It provides a structured framework for history-taking, physical examination, orthostatic vital sign assessment, and risk stratification to guide clinicians in efficiently identifying high-risk patients requiring urgent intervention. Diagnostic modalities including electrocardiography, echocardiography, and point-of-care ultrasound are discussed, along with their respective indications and limitations. CONCLUSION By embracing standardized approaches and evidence-based practices outlined in this review, hospitalists can optimize resource utilization, streamline patient care, and improve outcomes in patients presenting with syncope.