Signatures of convergence in Neotropical cichlid fish

IF 4.5 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI:10.1111/mec.17524
Mariana Leal-Cardín, Seraina E. Bracamonte, Javier Aldegunde, Isabel S. Magalhaes, Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García, Marta Barluenga
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Abstract

Convergent evolution of similar phenotypes suggests some predictability in the evolutionary trajectories of organisms, due to strong and repeated selective pressures, and/or developmental constraints. In adaptive radiations, particularly in cichlid fish radiations, convergent phenotypes are commonly found within and across geographical settings. Cichlids show major repeated axes of morphological diversification. Recurrent changes in body patterns reveal adaption to alternative habitats, and modifications of the trophic apparatus respond to the exploitation of different food resources. Here we compare morphologically and genetically two Neotropical cichlid assemblages, the Mexican desert cichlid and the Nicaraguan Midas cichlid, with similar polymorphic body and trophic adaptations despite their independent evolution. We found a common morphological axis of differentiation in trophic structures in both cichlid radiations, but two different axes of differentiation in body shape, defining two alternative limnetic body patterns. Adaptation to limnetic habitats implied regulation of immune functions in the Midas cichlid, while morphogenesis and metabolic functions in the desert cichlid. Convergent phenotypic adaptions could be associated to divergent gene regulation.

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新热带慈鲷的趋同特征
相似表型的趋同进化表明,由于强大而反复的选择压力和/或发育限制,生物的进化轨迹具有一定的可预测性。在适应性辐射中,特别是在慈鲷鱼的辐射中,在地理环境内和地理环境间通常会发现趋同的表型。慈鲷表现出形态多样化的主要重复轴。身体形态的反复变化显示了对其他栖息地的适应,而营养器官的改变则是对不同食物资源开发的回应。在这里,我们从形态学和遗传学角度比较了墨西哥沙漠慈鲷和尼加拉瓜米达斯慈鲷这两个新热带慈鲷群,尽管它们是独立进化的,但却具有相似的多态身体和营养适应性。我们发现这两种慈鲷在营养结构上有一个共同的形态分化轴,但在体形上却有两个不同的分化轴,定义了两种不同的湖泊体型。对湖泊栖息地的适应意味着Midas慈鲷对免疫功能的调节,而沙漠慈鲷则对形态发生和代谢功能的调节。趋同的表型适应可能与不同的基因调控有关。
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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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