On the enhancement of acceptable blockage of open jet wind tunnel by employing modifications based on concepts of boundary layer and jet flow for testing of aero-rotors

Abstract

The conventional closed and open jet tunnels suffer from various adverse blockage effects that alter the flow conditions generating erroneous results when larger than allowable blockage models are tested. The maximum acceptable blockage is limited to 25 % for an open jet tunnel. The physics behind the inferior blockage capacity and their redressal is investigated. Hitherto, numerical models are developed to rectify the blockage troubles that introduce an additional complex case-based mathematical modeling to reckoning the results. In the current paper novel approach to redesigning the tunnel to solve blockage troubles is investigated that facilitates evading of mathematical techniques and securing accurate results straightforwardly. A hypothetical design incorporating the remedies is proposed, capable of conditioning the flow in a manner that debilitates the adverse effects of solid blockage, wake blockage, jet expansion, etc. The hypothesis is theoretically expounded by the boundary layer and jet flow phenomenon. The modified blower-type open jet wind tunnel constitutes a centrifugal blower, long inlet duct, plenum chamber around the test section, and collector. The modified wind tunnel is tested through experiments executed on four different-sized Savonius rotors creating 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, and 60 % blockage. The static pressure along the contours of the blades of rotors is obtained. The experimental results are juxtaposed with CFD results carried out at free-wind boundary conditions and standard classic experimental results performed in conventional wind tunnel at 11 % blockage. A blockage enhancement of 25 % is achieved by the approach of modification in the design of a conventional open jet wind tunnel.