MAYEX is an old long noncoding RNA recruited for X chromosome dosage compensation in a reptile

IF 44.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Science Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1126/science.adp1932

Mariela Tenorio, Samantha Cruz-Ruiz, Sergio Encarnación-Guevara, Magdalena Hernández, Jose Antonio Corona-Gomez, Fania Sheccid-Santiago, Joanna Serwatowska, Sinai López-Perdomo, Cynthia D. Flores-Aguirre, Diego M. Arenas-Moreno, Robert J. Ossiboff, Fausto Méndez-de-la-Cruz, Selene L. Fernandez-Valverde, Mario Zurita, Katarzyna Oktaba, Diego Cortez

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Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential regulatory elements of sex chromosomes that act to equalize gene expression levels between males and females. XIST, RSX, and roX2 regulate X chromosomes in placental mammals, marsupials, and Drosophila, respectively. Because the green anole (Anolis carolinensis) shows complete dosage compensation of its X chromosome, we tested whether a lncRNA was involved. We found an ancient lncRNA, MAYEX, that gained male-specific expression more than 89 million years ago. MAYEX evolved a notable association with the acetylated histone 4 lysine 16 (H4K16ac) epigenetic mark and the ability to loop its locus to the totality of the X chromosome to increase expression levels. MAYEX is the first lncRNA in reptiles linked to a dosage compensation mechanism that balances the expression of sex chromosomes.

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MAYEX 是一种古老的长非编码 RNA，用于爬行动物 X 染色体的剂量补偿。

长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是性染色体的重要调控元件，其作用是均衡雌雄基因的表达水平。XIST、RSX和roX2分别调控胎盘哺乳动物、有袋动物和果蝇的X染色体。由于绿鼹鼠（Anolis carolinensis）的X染色体表现出完全的剂量补偿，我们测试了lncRNA是否参与其中。我们发现了一种古老的lncRNA--MAYEX，它在8900多万年前获得了雄性特异性表达。MAYEX与乙酰化组蛋白4赖氨酸16（H4K16ac）表观遗传标记有着显著的关联，并且能够将其基因座环绕到整个X染色体上，从而提高表达水平。MAYEX是爬行动物中第一个与平衡性染色体表达的剂量补偿机制有关的lncRNA。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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