Bal Maharjan, Fabian Leon, William L. Rooney, Sakiko Okumoto
{"title":"Combining abilities and quantitative inheritance of sorgoleone exudation in Sorghum bicolor","authors":"Bal Maharjan, Fabian Leon, William L. Rooney, Sakiko Okumoto","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21366","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>) has the ability to inhibit the conversion of ammonium to nitrate (biological nitrification inhibition [BNI]) in the rhizosphere, which in turn prevents the loss of bioavailable nitrogen. Sorgoleone is a lipidic compound secreted by sorghum root hairs and is responsible for roughly 60% of BNI activity in sorghum. Previous studies revealed variation in sorgoleone secretion among different accessions and cultivars. However, little information is available regarding the genetic inheritance of sorgoleone secretion in sorghum. To increase sorgoleone through breeding, an understanding of the inheritance of this trait is required. In this study, 21 seed parents and 21 pollinator parents from the Texas AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program were crossed in an incomplete factorial design to generate 158 hybrids, and sorgoleone secretion from both hybrids and inbreds was quantified. There was significant variation in sorgoleone secretion across hybrids and inbred lines, and small but significant mid-parent heterosis was observed in the hybrids. A linear mixed model analysis to calculate general and specific combining abilities for inbred parents and hybrids detected significant genetic effects for the male, the female, and male × female interactions (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Broad-sense heritability was high (<span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/d9b39c83-8eee-442c-9737-73a4e0146156/csc221366-math-0001.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"36\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0001.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H squared\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.363em; margin-left: 0.053em;\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-script></mjx-msup></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:0011183X:media:csc221366:csc221366-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><msup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H squared\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">H</mi><mn data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\">2</mn></msup>${{H}^2}$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container> = 0.87), while narrow-sense heritability for the seed parents and pollinator parents was moderate (<span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/d984a220-8a36-47f6-b7c3-f1c14efb1c9c/csc221366-math-0002.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"37\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0002.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-msubsup data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(4 (3 0 1) 2)\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H Subscript f Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"subsup\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: -0.316em; margin-left: -0.057em;\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" size=\"s\" style=\"margin-left: 0.155em;\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-spacer style=\"margin-top: 0.18em;\"></mjx-spacer><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-script></mjx-msubsup></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:0011183X:media:csc221366:csc221366-math-0002\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0002.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><msubsup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(4 (3 0 1) 2)\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H Subscript f Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"subsup\"><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">H</mi><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">f</mi><mn data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\">2</mn></msubsup>$H_f^2$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container>= 0.35 and <span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/93d48e47-79eb-4730-8555-029364885785/csc221366-math-0003.png\"></span><mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"38\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0003.png\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-msubsup data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(4 (3 0 1) 2)\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H Subscript m Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"subsup\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: -0.247em; margin-left: -0.057em;\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" size=\"s\" style=\"margin-left: 0.155em;\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-spacer style=\"margin-top: 0.297em;\"></mjx-spacer><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" size=\"s\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-script></mjx-msubsup></mjx-semantics></mjx-math><mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"><math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:0011183X:media:csc221366:csc221366-math-0003\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/csc221366-math-0003.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><msubsup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(4 (3 0 1) 2)\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper H Subscript m Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"subsup\"><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">H</mi><mi data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\">m</mi><mn data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\">2</mn></msubsup>$H_m^2$</annotation></semantics></math></mjx-assistive-mml></mjx-container> = 0.39, respectively). These results indicate that sorgoleone exudation is primarily driven by additive genetic effects, but dominance effects are important for optimum production. These findings indicate that selection for increased sorgoleone root exudation among elite, adapted grain sorghum hybrids and inbred should be effective.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Crop Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21366","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) has the ability to inhibit the conversion of ammonium to nitrate (biological nitrification inhibition [BNI]) in the rhizosphere, which in turn prevents the loss of bioavailable nitrogen. Sorgoleone is a lipidic compound secreted by sorghum root hairs and is responsible for roughly 60% of BNI activity in sorghum. Previous studies revealed variation in sorgoleone secretion among different accessions and cultivars. However, little information is available regarding the genetic inheritance of sorgoleone secretion in sorghum. To increase sorgoleone through breeding, an understanding of the inheritance of this trait is required. In this study, 21 seed parents and 21 pollinator parents from the Texas AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program were crossed in an incomplete factorial design to generate 158 hybrids, and sorgoleone secretion from both hybrids and inbreds was quantified. There was significant variation in sorgoleone secretion across hybrids and inbred lines, and small but significant mid-parent heterosis was observed in the hybrids. A linear mixed model analysis to calculate general and specific combining abilities for inbred parents and hybrids detected significant genetic effects for the male, the female, and male × female interactions (p < 0.001). Broad-sense heritability was high ( = 0.87), while narrow-sense heritability for the seed parents and pollinator parents was moderate (= 0.35 and = 0.39, respectively). These results indicate that sorgoleone exudation is primarily driven by additive genetic effects, but dominance effects are important for optimum production. These findings indicate that selection for increased sorgoleone root exudation among elite, adapted grain sorghum hybrids and inbred should be effective.
期刊介绍:
Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.