Combining abilities and quantitative inheritance of sorgoleone exudation in Sorghum bicolor

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1002/csc2.21366
Bal Maharjan, Fabian Leon, William L. Rooney, Sakiko Okumoto
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Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) has the ability to inhibit the conversion of ammonium to nitrate (biological nitrification inhibition [BNI]) in the rhizosphere, which in turn prevents the loss of bioavailable nitrogen. Sorgoleone is a lipidic compound secreted by sorghum root hairs and is responsible for roughly 60% of BNI activity in sorghum. Previous studies revealed variation in sorgoleone secretion among different accessions and cultivars. However, little information is available regarding the genetic inheritance of sorgoleone secretion in sorghum. To increase sorgoleone through breeding, an understanding of the inheritance of this trait is required. In this study, 21 seed parents and 21 pollinator parents from the Texas AgriLife Research sorghum breeding program were crossed in an incomplete factorial design to generate 158 hybrids, and sorgoleone secretion from both hybrids and inbreds was quantified. There was significant variation in sorgoleone secretion across hybrids and inbred lines, and small but significant mid-parent heterosis was observed in the hybrids. A linear mixed model analysis to calculate general and specific combining abilities for inbred parents and hybrids detected significant genetic effects for the male, the female, and male × female interactions (p < 0.001). Broad-sense heritability was high ( H 2 ${{H}^2}$  = 0.87), while narrow-sense heritability for the seed parents and pollinator parents was moderate ( H f 2 $H_f^2$ = 0.35 and H m 2 $H_m^2$  = 0.39, respectively). These results indicate that sorgoleone exudation is primarily driven by additive genetic effects, but dominance effects are important for optimum production. These findings indicate that selection for increased sorgoleone root exudation among elite, adapted grain sorghum hybrids and inbred should be effective.

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高粱双色酮渗出的组合能力和数量遗传
高粱(Sorghum bicolor)有能力抑制根瘤中铵向硝酸盐的转化(生物硝化抑制 [BNI]),从而防止生物可用氮的流失。Sorgoleone 是高粱根毛分泌的一种脂质化合物,约占高粱 BNI 活性的 60%。以往的研究表明,不同品种和栽培品种的高粱根毛分泌物存在差异。然而,关于高粱中木质素酮分泌的遗传信息却很少。要想通过育种增加高梁酮,就必须了解这一性状的遗传情况。在本研究中,德克萨斯农业生命研究所高粱育种项目中的 21 个种子亲本和 21 个授粉亲本通过不完全因子设计进行杂交,产生了 158 个杂交种,并对杂交种和近交种的高梁酮分泌量进行了量化。杂交种和近交系的虫草酮分泌量差异很大,在杂交种中观察到的中间亲本异质性很小,但很明显。通过线性混合模型分析计算近交系亲本和杂交种的一般和特殊结合能力,发现雄性、雌性和雄×雌性交互作用具有显著的遗传效应(p < 0.001)。广义遗传力较高(H2${H}^2}$ = 0.87),而种子亲本和授粉亲本的狭义遗传力中等(Hf2$H_f^2$ = 0.35 和 Hm2$H_m^2$ = 0.39)。这些结果表明,龙脑香酮的渗出主要是由加性遗传效应驱动的,但显性效应对达到最佳产量也很重要。这些结果表明,在优秀的、适应性强的谷物高粱杂交种和近交种中,选择提高高梁酮根系渗出量的方法应该是有效的。
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来源期刊
Crop Science
Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.
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