Exploring the chemical profiling and insecticidal properties of essential oils from fresh and discarded lemon peels, Citrus limon against pulse beetle

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ibiod.2024.105924

Himanshi Gupta , Prithvi Pal Singh , S.G. Eswara Reddy

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Abstract

Essential oil (EO) of Citrus limon fresh (LF) and lemon waste peel (LW) was extracted using the hydro distillation method. A total of 17 chemical constituents (97.02–97.26%) were identified using GC, GC-MS, and NMR techniques. Major monoterpene hydrocarbons including d-limonene (52.42–54.17%), α-terpineol (16.82–21.15%), β-pinene (6.74–9.15%) and γ-terpinene (2.16–3.59%) were further identified using ¹H and ¹³C NMR analysis. Furthermore, extracted EOs, their synergistic combinations and major constituent (d-limonene) were evaluated for fumigant toxicity, repellence, and ovipositional inhibitory (OI) potential using without food and with food conditions against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis and Callosobruchus maculatus. d-limonene was found to be most effective against C. chinensis and C. maculatus followed by LW oil in all the evaluated assays. EO of LW was found more effective against C. chinensis (LC₅₀ = 2899.11 μl L⁻¹) without food after 96 h than lemon fresh. Among synergistic combinations, LW and LF at 3:1 ratio without food reported more effective to C. chinensis (LC₅₀ = 277.85 μl L⁻¹) and C. maculatus (LC₅₀ = 322.38 μl L⁻¹) without food after 96 h. In repellent assay, EO of LW also displayed higher repellent to both species (RC₅₀ = 430.71 to 525.56 and μl L⁻¹). EO of LW showed higher OI (50.14 ± 3.09%) against C. chinensis at higher concentration after 24 h. EOs of LF and LW also inhibited glutathione -S-transferase and acetylcholine esterase activity in C. chinensis and C. maculatus.

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探索新鲜和废弃柠檬皮（Citrus limon）精油的化学成分和杀虫特性对脉冲甲虫的作用

采用水蒸馏法提取了柠檬鲜果（LF）和柠檬废皮（LW）的精油（EO）。利用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱和核磁共振技术，共鉴定出 17 种化学成分（97.02%-97.26%）。通过 1H 和 13C NMR 分析，进一步确定了主要的单萜烯碳氢化合物，包括 d-柠檬烯（52.42-54.17%）、α-松油醇（16.82-21.15%）、β-蒎烯（6.74-9.15%）和γ-松油醇（2.16-3.59%）。此外，还对提取的环氧乙烷、其增效组合和主要成分（d-柠檬烯）进行了熏蒸毒性、驱避性和产卵抑制（OI）潜力的评估，在无食物和有食物的条件下对脉冲甲虫（Callosobruchus chinensis 和 Callosobruchus maculatus）进行了评估。与新鲜柠檬相比，在 96 小时后不进食的情况下，LW 的环氧乙烷对 C. chinensis 更有效（LC50 = 2899.11 μl L-1）。在协同作用组合中，鳞茎叶油和鳞茎叶绿素的比例为 3:1（不含食物），在 96 小时后，鳞茎叶油和鳞茎叶绿素在不含食物的情况下对蜚蠊（LC50 = 277.85 μl L-1）和斑潜蝇（LC50 = 322.38 μl L-1）更有效。LF 和 LW 的环氧乙烷还能抑制 C. chinensis 和 C. maculatus 的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.