International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation最新文献

Optimizing biological pretreatment and bioleaching processes in sewage sludge: Heavy metal removal mechanisms and EPS-dependent dewaterability enhancement 污泥生物预处理和浸出工艺优化：重金属去除机制和eps依赖性脱水增强

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106324

Xiaochun Wang , Jun Li , Zemiao Shi , Xiangtong Zhou , Shanwei Li , Xiaolei Zhang

To overcome the inhibitory effect of organic matter on sludge bioleaching, this study systematically evaluated the impacts of two pretreatment methods (aeration and anaerobic digestion) on subsequent bioleaching performance. Results demonstrated that aeration pretreatment significantly accelerated the acidification process, enhanced overall heavy metals (HMs) removal efficiency, and effectively minimized phosphorus loss. Following the selection of aeration pretreatment, three bioleaching processes (direct, aerated, and anaerobic bioleaching) were compared. Aerated bioleaching achieved the fastest acidification (pH 2.08 in 6 days) and optimal removal of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺. Microbial community analysis revealed that the bioleaching process greatly changed community abundance and diversity, while particularly enriching key bioleaching genera such as Acinethiobacillus and Alicyclobacillus. This evolution was closely associated with the selectivity of HMs removal. All bioleaching processes achieved effective sludge reduction (MLSS decreased by 26.99% - 63.21%) and improved dewaterability. Aerated bioleaching yielded the optimal dewatering performance (specific resistance to filtration, SRF: 1.24 × 10¹³ m/kg), attributed to its induced reorganization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)—characterized by protein enrichment in tightly bound EPS and polysaccharide stripping from loosely bound EPS. This study provides critical theoretical insights for optimizing sludge bioleaching parameters and pretreatment-process combinations to maximize HM removal while minimizing nutrient loss.

为了克服有机物对污泥生物浸出的抑制作用，本研究系统评价了曝气和厌氧消化两种预处理方法对污泥后续生物浸出性能的影响。结果表明，曝气预处理显著加快了酸化过程，提高了总体重金属（HMs）去除率，并有效地减少了磷的损失。在选择曝气预处理后，比较了三种生物浸出工艺（直接浸出、曝气浸出和厌氧浸出）。曝气生物浸出酸化速度最快（6 d内pH值达到2.08），对Cu2+、Zn2+和Pb2+的去除效果最佳。微生物群落分析表明，浸出过程极大地改变了群落的丰度和多样性，尤其丰富了关键的浸出菌属，如Acinethiobacillus和aliicyclobacillus。这种进化与HMs去除的选择性密切相关。所有的生物浸出工艺均达到了有效的污泥减量（MLSS降低26.99% ~ 63.21%），并提高了脱水性。曝气生物浸出获得了最佳的脱水性能（比滤阻力，SRF: 1.24 × 1013 m/kg），这归因于其诱导的细胞外聚合物（EPS）的重组——其特征是在紧密结合的EPS中富集蛋白质，而在松散结合的EPS中剥离多糖。该研究为优化污泥生物浸出参数和预处理工艺组合提供了重要的理论见解，以最大限度地去除HM，同时最大限度地减少养分损失。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial colonization on biocide-treated and untreated façades: The impact of surface orientation 微生物在杀菌剂处理和未处理的表面上的定植：表面取向的影响

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106311

Michał Ciok , Daniela Weisenberger , Moritz Nichterlein , Stefan Kalkhof , Matthias Noll

Biocides such as Octylisothiazolinone (OIT) and Terbutryn (TER) are commonly used in building materials to prevent microbial infestation. Their release and antimicrobial efficiency are influenced by wind-driven rain (WDR), which is directly related to façade orientation. This study investigates the bacterial and fungal community composition on biocide-free (BFF) and biocide-containing (BCF) façades with N/W (WDR) or S/E orientation, representing contrasting microclimatic conditions in terms of solar radiation, drying rates, and moisture availability. Sampling was carreid out after one year of outdoor exposure using a cultivation-independent approach. Bacterial and fungal community composition significantly differed between BCF and BFF. Furthermore, the fungal and bacterial community composition was significantly affected by façade orientation. Façades with BCFs S/E showed significantly higher bacterial richness than other façades. Moreover, members of the genera Nesterenkonia, Paracoccus, Microbacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, and Dioszegia dominated BFFs N/W and BFFs S/E, whereas Klenkia, Massilia, Capnodiales, and Filobasidium, were mostly present on BCFs N/W. Only the fungal genus Vishniacozyma was present in every treatment. Bacterial and fungal genera affiliated to biodeterioration, discoloration, and biodegradation, such as Nocardioides, Sphingomonas, Kineosporiaceae, and Arthrobacter were mainly found on BCFs N/W, Arthrobacter was additionally observed on BFFs N/W, and fungal genera Cladosporium and Alternaria were frequently present on BFFs S/E and BFFs N/W. These results demonstrate selective pressure on the microbial colonization patterns by both the presence of biocides and façade orientation. Therefore, these findings provide a broader perspective on the façade microbiome and suggest the need to adjust biocide usage to redefine methods, including considerations of weathering side and biocide application.

杀菌剂，如辛基利异噻唑啉酮（OIT）和特布特灵（TER）通常用于建筑材料，以防止微生物的侵扰。它们的释放和抑菌效率受风雨（WDR）的影响，这与朝向直接相关。本研究研究了无生物杀菌剂（BFF）和含生物杀菌剂（BCF）不同方位（N/W （WDR）或S/E）上的细菌和真菌群落组成，代表在太阳辐射、干燥速率和水分有效性方面不同的小气候条件。在室外暴露一年后，采用与栽培无关的方法进行采样。细菌和真菌群落组成差异显著。此外，真菌和细菌群落组成受朝向的影响显著。具有BCFs S/E的水体水体细菌丰富度显著高于其他水体水体。此外，Nesterenkonia、Paracoccus、microbacteraceae、Pseudomonas和Dioszegia属在BFFs N/W和S/E中占主导地位，而Klenkia、Massilia、Capnodiales和Filobasidium属在BFFs N/W中主要存在。在每个处理中只有Vishniacozyma真菌属存在。与生物变质、变色和生物降解有关的细菌和真菌属，如Nocardioides、Sphingomonas、Kineosporiaceae和Arthrobacter等主要出现在BCFs的N/W上，另外在bfs的N/W上也发现了关节杆菌，真菌属Cladosporium和Alternaria在bfs的S/E和N/W上也经常出现。这些结果表明，杀菌剂的存在和farade取向对微生物定植模式产生了选择性压力。因此，这些发现为农业微生物组提供了更广阔的视角，并建议需要调整杀菌剂的使用以重新定义方法，包括考虑风化方面和杀菌剂的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Autotrophic denitrification filter prepared using gasification coarse slag and pyrite: Physicochemical characteristics and performance removal of nitrogen 利用气化粗渣和黄铁矿制备自养反硝化过滤器：理化特性及脱氮性能

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106312

Shuhan Yang , Defu Xu , Jing Su , Zhengxuan Li , Alan Howard

Conventional heterotrophic denitrification processes face challenges in achieving the requirements of sustainable development goals due to their dependence on external organic carbon sources and the risk of secondary pollution. In this study, the nitrogen removal performance of a sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter prepared from gasification coarse slag (GCS) and pyrite was evaluated, and its underlying mechanisms were elucidated using microbial community, EDS-SEM, BET, and FT-IR analyses. Pyrite and GCS were combined at a 4:6 mass ratio, followed by the addition of Silica fume (7%), NaOH (4%), and Portland cement (10%) all expressed as percentages relative to the total mass of GCS and pyrite mass). The resulting mixture was granulated to form 10-mm GCS-PRFM particles and steam-cured at 80 °C. The GCS-PRFM exhibited a compressive strength of 3.0 MPa, bulk density of 1272 kg/m³, water absorption rate of 13.5%, specific surface area of 17.00 m²/g, and total pore volume of 0.048 cm³/g. Its specific surface area and total pore volume were 10.3-fold and 16-fold greater, respectively, than those of the pyrite filter (PRFM). The nitrate removal efficiency of GCS-PRFM (81.23%) was approximately double that of PRFM (40.92%). GCS-PRFM supported a higher abundance of Thiobacillus, Rhodanobacter, Ferruginibacter, and Sulfurimonas than PRFM. Following wastewater treatment, sulfur content decreased by 77.19% in GCS-PRFM compared with only 6.23% in PRFM, indicating greater sulfur utilization by autotrophic microorganisms. These findings demonstrate that the higher surface area, pore volume, and sulfur availability of GCS-PRFM promote microbial growth and enhance nitrate removal efficiency. The study provides a novel approach for preparing sulfur autotrophic denitrification filters using pyrite and industrial solid waste.

传统异养反硝化工艺由于依赖外部有机碳源和存在二次污染风险，在实现可持续发展目标方面面临挑战。本研究以气化粗渣（GCS）和黄铁矿为原料制备的硫自养反硝化过滤器的脱氮性能进行了评价，并通过微生物群落、EDS-SEM、BET和FT-IR分析阐明了其潜在机制。黄铁矿和黄铁矿以4:6的质量比混合，其次是硅灰（7%）、NaOH（4%）和波特兰水泥（10%）（均以相对于黄铁矿和黄铁矿总质量的百分比表示）。将得到的混合物造粒，形成10mm的GCS-PRFM颗粒，并在80℃下进行蒸汽固化。GCS-PRFM的抗压强度为3.0 MPa，容重为1272 kg/m3，吸水率为13.5%，比表面积为17.00 m2/g，总孔容为0.048 cm3/g。其比表面积和总孔容分别是黄铁矿过滤器（PRFM）的10.3倍和16倍。GCS-PRFM的硝酸盐去除率为81.23%，约为PRFM（40.92%）的2倍。GCS-PRFM比PRFM支持更高丰度的硫杆菌、罗丹诺杆菌、铁杆菌和硫单胞菌。废水处理后，GCS-PRFM的硫含量下降了77.19%，而PRFM的硫含量仅下降了6.23%，表明自养微生物对硫的利用更大。研究结果表明，GCS-PRFM具有较高的比表面积、孔隙体积和硫利用率，有利于微生物生长，提高硝酸盐去除效率。本研究为利用黄铁矿和工业固体废弃物制备硫自养反硝化滤池提供了一种新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Whole-genome and microbial diversity analyses reveal mechanism of GY8 for enhancing cadmium removal rate of duckweed 全基因组和微生物多样性分析揭示了GY8提高浮萍镉去除率的机制

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106313

Mi Zhang , Yu-Ting Liu , Xiang-Qin Li , Zhi-Qun Chen , Yan Lan , Ai-Juan Tan , Gui-Li Yang

The enhancement of heavy metal remediation efficiency by endophytes in hyperaccumulators has been widely demonstrated. However, research on the influence of endophytes on cadmium (Cd) remediation efficiency of hyperaccumulating duckweed remains limited. In this study, a Cd-resistant endophyte, Agrobacterium fabrum GY8 (GY8), was identified, which increased Cd removal rate of duckweed to 93%. And, colonization of GY8 enhanced duckweed growth rates (up to 117.78%) and alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage by activating key antioxidant enzymatic pathways. Further investigation revealed that GY8 facilitated phytoremediation through reducing Cd accumulation within duckweed organelles and transforming bioavailable NaCl-extractable Cd into stable HCl-extractable complexes. Whole-genome sequencing identified genes of GY8 associated with Cd resistance and plant growth promotion, including those involved in glutathione metabolism, sulfur cycling, ABC transporter systems, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. Microbial diversity analyses confirmed the successful colonization and predominance of GY8 within duckweed. The results provide innovative insights into the mechanisms of endophytes enhancing the Cd removal rate of duckweed, offering theoretical basis for the development of plant-microbe remediation strategies for heavy metal contamination.

超蓄积体中内生菌对重金属修复效率的提高已得到广泛证实。然而，关于内生菌对超富集浮萍镉（Cd）修复效率影响的研究还很有限。本研究鉴定出一株抗Cd内生菌法农杆菌GY8 (GY8)，使浮萍对Cd的去除率提高到93%。GY8的定殖提高了浮萍的生长速率（最高达117.78%），并通过激活关键的抗氧化酶途径减轻了cd诱导的氧化损伤。进一步的研究表明，GY8通过减少浮萍细胞器内Cd的积累，并将生物可利用的nacl可提取Cd转化为稳定的盐酸可提取配合物，促进了植物修复。全基因组测序鉴定出GY8与抗Cd和促进植物生长相关的基因，包括参与谷胱甘肽代谢、硫循环、ABC转运系统和苯丙素生物合成途径的基因。微生物多样性分析证实了GY8在浮萍体内的成功定殖和优势。研究结果为内生菌提高浮萍对镉的去除率的机制提供了创新的见解，为开发重金属污染的植物-微生物修复策略提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative proteomics insights into the degradation of ethoxylated surfactants by Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX1 氮还原假单胞菌TX1降解乙氧基表面活性剂的比较蛋白质组学研究

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106292

Tuan Ngoc Nguyen , Fang-Feng Chiu , Shir-Ly Huang

The bacterium Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX1 (ATCC PTA-6168) is especially interested due to its capability to efficiently remove octylphenol polyethoxylates (OPEO_n), which belong to non-ionic surfactants and commonly used in industrial, agricultural and domestic applications. Although the biodegradation pathways of OPEO_n were studied, the variations at the level of expression of the key enzymes during catabolism are still not quantitatively understood. In this study, we used comparative proteomics analysis approach to determine differential expression and regulation of key enzymes in strain TX1 during octylphenol polyethoxylates utilization as sole carbon source. 43 protein spots (2D gel) and 25 protein bands (SDS-PAGE followed by activity-guided sub-proteomes) significantly up-regulated in OPEO_n-grown cells were identified, whereas 20 protein spots and 11 protein bands were significantly down-regulated. Based on the proteomic results, OPEO_n and its intermediates were proposed in pathways to take up through membrane transport systems, mainly ABC transporters and outer membrane proteins. Key oxidoreductases such as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase and NADPH:quinone reductase may drive oxidative degradation of OPEO_n. Elevated levels of FAD/FMN-containing dehydrogenases and NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenases indicate that oxidative reactions were involved in ethoxylate side chains and transferring electrons to the respiratory chain. Our proteomic data also revealed increased expression of glycolate dehydrogenase, isocitrate lyase, and malate synthase, supporting our previous finding of the integration of OPEO_n-derived intermediates into the glyoxylate cycle. Thus, this study provides the first quantitative proteomic insight into OPEOn catabolism in P. nitroreducens TX1.

硝基还原假单胞菌TX1 （ATCC PTA-6168）因其能有效去除辛基酚聚氧基酸酯（OPEOn）而受到广泛关注，OPEOn是一种非离子表面活性剂，在工业、农业和家庭中都有广泛应用。虽然研究了OPEOn的生物降解途径，但在分解代谢过程中关键酶的表达水平变化仍未定量了解。在本研究中，我们采用比较蛋白质组学分析的方法来确定菌株TX1在辛基酚聚氧乙烯作为唯一碳源利用过程中关键酶的差异表达和调控。结果显示，opeon培养的细胞中有43个蛋白点（2D凝胶）和25个蛋白带（SDS-PAGE和活性引导亚蛋白组）显著上调，20个蛋白点和11个蛋白带显著下调。基于蛋白质组学的结果，OPEOn及其中间体被认为是通过膜运输系统吸收的途径，主要是ABC转运蛋白和外膜蛋白。关键的氧化还原酶如二氢脂酰胺脱氢酶和NADPH：醌还原酶可能驱动OPEOn的氧化降解。含有FAD/ fmn的脱氢酶和nadd依赖的醛脱氢酶水平升高表明氧化反应涉及乙氧基酸侧链和将电子转移到呼吸链。我们的蛋白质组学数据还显示，乙醇酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸裂解酶和苹果酸合成酶的表达增加，支持了我们之前的发现，即opon衍生的中间体整合到乙醛酸循环中。因此，本研究首次提供了对P. nitroreducens TX1中OPEOn分解代谢的定量蛋白质组学见解。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative biocodicology: a novel approach combining DNA analysis with FTIR and MicroHot table analysis for the characterisation of modern and ancient parchments 综合生物生物学：结合DNA分析与FTIR和微热表分析现代和古代羊皮纸的特征的新方法

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106310

Ylenia Vassallo , Elias Lehner , Monika Waldherr , Alexandra Graf , Iulia Maria Caniola , Salvatore Caterino , Federica Cappa , Andreas Hartl , Marzia Beccaccioli , Massimo Reverberi , Katja Sterflinger , Guadalupe Piñar

This study shows for the first time the potential of combining the nanopore sequencing technology (MinION, ONT) with Whole Genome Amplification (WGA) to identify, simultaneously, endogenous DNA (of animal origin) and environmental DNA (from microbiome) in parchment. This DNA-based approach was integrated with Micro Hot Table (MHT) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis to assess the deterioration of the parchment.

The novel strategy was tested on parchments from different ages: three modern parchments of known animal origin, a 19th-century fragment, and nine 14th-15th-century parchment drawings from the Graphic Collection of the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna. The study compared micro-invasive (small piece of material) and non-invasive (PVC eraser rubbings) sampling. WGA with Nanopore sequencing successfully identified animal species and microbiome composition from both sampling approaches for the first time. The microbiome was dominated by bacteria, primarily human-associated genera (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus), but also environmental taxa (Acinetobacter, Chryseobacterium, Kaistella, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas), all well-known for their degradative capabilities, which is consistent with collagen degradation detected by MHT and FTIR. However, it also included viruses (Gemykrogvirus) and protozoa (Babesia). The animal origin was correctly determined for all modern parchment samples used as positive control, and it could also be inferred for the ancient parchment samples using both sampling approaches. The 19th-century parchment was found to be of caprine origin (Capra hircus), while all the ancient drawings were of bovine origin (Bos taurus). This approach merges molecular analysis and degradation study for comprehensive archival research.

这项研究首次展示了将纳米孔测序技术（MinION， ONT）与全基因组扩增技术（WGA）结合起来同时鉴定羊皮纸中内源性DNA（动物来源）和环境DNA（来自微生物组）的潜力。这种基于dna的方法与微热表（MHT）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）分析相结合，以评估羊皮纸的劣化程度。这个新策略在不同时代的羊皮纸上进行了测试：三张已知的动物起源的现代羊皮纸，一张19世纪的残片，以及维也纳美术学院图形收藏的九张14 -15世纪的羊皮纸素描。该研究比较了微创（小块材料）和非侵入性（PVC橡皮擦）取样。WGA与纳米孔测序首次成功地从两种采样方法中鉴定出动物物种和微生物组组成。微生物组以细菌为主，主要是与人类相关的属（如葡萄球菌、链球菌），但也有环境分类群（不动杆菌、黄杆菌、凯丝特拉菌、梭菌和假单胞菌），这些细菌都以其降解能力而闻名，这与MHT和FTIR检测到的胶原降解一致。然而，它也包括病毒（双胞病毒）和原生动物（巴贝斯虫）。作为阳性对照的所有现代羊皮纸样本都正确地确定了动物来源，并且使用两种采样方法也可以推断出古代羊皮纸样本的动物来源。19世纪的羊皮纸被发现是源自山羊（Capra hircus），而所有的古代绘画都是源自牛（Bos taurus）。该方法将分子分析与降解研究相结合，实现档案综合研究。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the deteriogenic vascular flora of castles and towers in Campania, Italy 意大利坎帕尼亚城堡和塔的营养维管植物群评估

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106298

Alessia Cozzolino , Giuliano Bonanomi , Ivana Vitasović-Kosić , Giandomenico Amoroso , Riccardo Motti

Biodeterioration is defined as the alteration of stone monuments, wall paintings, wood, paper, vegetal/animal fibers, and parchment artworks, caused by the combined action of physical and chemical factors produced by living organisms colonizing these substrates. The present study examines the role of vascular plants in the biodeterioration of castles and towers in Campania (southern Italy), analysing their relationships with building materials (substrates), exposure, distance from the sea, and elevation. The impact of plant colonization was assessed using the Hazard Index (HI), revealing substrate as the most influential factor both for species diversity and biodeterioration risk. Phanerophytes, known as the most aggressive biodeteriogens, decreased with increasing elevation, despite the greater presence of surrounding wooded areas. This pattern is likely related to the higher occurrence of limestone structures at inland and higher-altitude sites, which are less susceptible to colonization. Finally, distance from the sea and elevation showed no consistent effects on HI, although intermediate ranges exhibited lower HI values, possibly reflecting better maintenance practices at these sites. These findings underscore the need for site-specific conservation strategies that consider substrate vulnerability, such as the high bioreceptivity of tuff and the selective colonization of compact materials like piperno by Capparis spinosa, as well as the role of maintenance practices. The lower Hazard Index values observed in coastal and low-elevation sites suggest that regular interventions are effective in limiting plant-induced deterioration.

生物退化被定义为石碑、壁画、木材、纸张、植物/动物纤维和羊皮纸艺术品的改变，这是由生物在这些基质上定居产生的物理和化学因素的共同作用引起的。本研究考察了维管植物在坎帕尼亚（意大利南部）城堡和塔楼生物退化中的作用，分析了它们与建筑材料（基质）、暴露、离海距离和海拔的关系。利用危害指数（Hazard Index， HI）对植物定殖的影响进行了评估，揭示了底物是物种多样性和生物退化风险的最大影响因素。被称为最具侵略性的生物营养物的显生植物，随着海拔的增加而减少，尽管周围有更多的树木。这种模式可能与内陆和高海拔地区石灰岩结构的高发生率有关，这些地区不易被殖民。最后，距离海洋的距离和海拔高度对HI没有一致的影响，尽管中间范围的HI值较低，可能反映了这些站点更好的维护实践。这些发现强调了考虑底物脆弱性的特定地点保护策略的必要性，例如凝灰岩的高生物接受性和Capparis spinosa对致密材料（如piperno）的选择性定植，以及维护实践的作用。在沿海和低海拔地区观察到的较低的危险指数值表明，定期干预在限制植物引起的退化方面是有效的。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial metabolic remodeling under the electric field: A CUE-centered mechanism for enhanced petroleum bioremediation 电场下微生物代谢重塑：以cue为中心的石油生物修复强化机制

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106307

Ruijuan Fan , Ke Li , Yang Lin , Bingyan Yin , Xingfu Yan

This study explores how bio-electrokinetic remediation (BIO-EK) enhances pollutant degradation by modulating carbon use efficiency (CUE) and microbial functionality. After 100 d, the BIO-EK group achieved a 55.8 ± 1.8% (n = 3) total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation rate, significantly higher than bioremediation (BIO, 39.3 ± 2.0%, n = 3) and electrokinetics (EK, 38.7 ± 1.4%, n = 3), with total carbon (TC) content decreasing from 5.0 ± 0.03% (n = 3) to 3.5 ± 0.03% (n = 3), demonstrating its superior pollutant removal effectiveness. Correspondingly, its microbial CUE increased by 1.2-2.4 times, demonstrating that electrokinetic treatment shifted carbon allocation from respiration to biomass synthesis, which was supported by substantially higher microbial biomass and growth rates. Functionally, electrokinetic treatment enriched the abundance of genes for degrading alkanes, fatty acids, and PAHs, activating core metabolic routes such as β-oxidation and the TCA cycle. This was specifically manifested as a marked increase in the abundance of genes encoding pivotal enzymes and their inferred metabolic potential, particularly those related to medium-chain alkane β-oxidation and aromatic hydrocarbon ring cleavage. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that electrokinetic treatment reversed the metabolic trade-off between CUE and degradation in the BIO group, enabling microbes to allocate carbon to both growth and degradation simultaneously. It also showed that electrokinetics enhanced the statistical associations between soil properties, functional genes, and TPH removal, consistent with the proposed causal model. Thus, BIO-EK establishes a highly efficient degradation pathway through the synergistic regulation of environment, genetics, and microbial metabolism.

本研究探讨了生物电动力学修复（BIO-EK）如何通过调节碳利用效率（CUE）和微生物功能来增强污染物降解。100 d后，BIO-EK组的总石油烃（TPH）降解率为55.8±1.8% (n = 3)，显著高于生物修复（BIO, 39.3±2.0%,n = 3）和电修复（EK, 38.7±1.4%,n = 3），总碳（TC）含量从5.0±0.03% （n = 3）降至3.5±0.03% (n = 3)，显示出较好的污染物去除效果。相应地，其微生物CUE增加了1.2-2.4倍，表明电动处理将碳分配从呼吸转移到生物质合成，这得到了微生物生物量和生长速度大幅提高的支持。在功能上，电动处理丰富了烷烃、脂肪酸和多环芳烃降解基因的丰度，激活了β-氧化和TCA循环等核心代谢途径。这具体表现为编码关键酶的基因丰度的显著增加及其推断的代谢潜力，特别是与中链烷烃β-氧化和芳烃环裂解有关的基因。结构方程模型（SEM）显示，在BIO组中，电动处理逆转了CUE和降解之间的代谢权衡，使微生物能够同时将碳分配给生长和降解。研究还表明，电动力学增强了土壤性质、功能基因和TPH去除之间的统计关联，这与提出的因果模型一致。因此，BIO-EK通过环境、遗传和微生物代谢的协同调节，建立了高效的降解途径。

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引用次数: 0

BDE-28 degradation using Perinereis gut bacterium: optimization, pathways, and kinetic study 肠道细菌降解BDE-28：优化、途径和动力学研究

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106316

Pooja Thathola , Moumita Bhowmik , Soumya Haldar

Brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) of significant environmental concern due to their toxicity and resistance to degradation. The present study demonstrates the efficient biodegradation of 2,4,4′-tribromodiphenyl ether (BDE-28) through Perinereis sp. associated gut bacterium (PGC-2). Under optimized conditions (pH 7.0, 35 °C, 5% inoculum, 50 mg L⁻¹ BDE-28), complete degradation was achieved within 144 h, following a reductive debromination pathway confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Kinetic modeling revealed concentration-dependent growth behavior best described by Richards and Logistic models at high and low BDE-28 levels, respectively. These findings establish polychaete gut microbiota as a previously unexplored and effective biological resource for the biodegradation and detoxification of brominated flame retardants, advancing sustainable bioremediation strategies.

溴化二苯醚（BDEs）是一种持久性有机污染物（POPs），由于其毒性和耐降解性，引起了严重的环境问题。本研究证实了Perinereis sp.相关肠道细菌（PGC-2）对2,4,4 ' -三溴联苯醚（BDE-28）的高效生物降解。在优化条件（pH 7.0, 35°C， 5%接种量，50 mg L - 1 BDE-28）下，144 h内完全降解，GC-MS分析证实了还原脱溴途径。动力学模型显示，在高和低BDE-28水平下，理查兹模型和Logistic模型最能描述浓度依赖性生长行为。这些发现确立了多毛类肠道微生物群是一种以前未被开发的有效的生物资源，用于溴化阻燃剂的生物降解和解毒，促进了可持续的生物修复策略。

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Metabolic strategies of sulfate-reducing microorganisms under energy-limited conditions in oil reservoirs 油藏能量受限条件下硫酸盐还原微生物的代谢策略

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2026.106314

Lu Wang , Panqing Qi , Aiping Zheng , Nan Ji , Minghui Zhou , Xinmin Song , Dong Song , Siqi Li , Yong Nie , Weifeng Lv , Xiao-Lei Wu

Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRMs, including both bacteria and archaea taxa) drive bio-corrosion and bio-souring in oil reservoirs. However, the adaptation strategies of SRMs to energy-limited conditions, induced by nutrient competition and metabolic inhibition, challenge the prolonged effectiveness of traditional control strategies. This study provides a comprehensive genomic synthesis of the metabolic strategies employed by SRMs under such constraints to sustain energy metabolism and intracellular redox balance. A total of 752 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from eight oil reservoir blocks were reconstructed and 60 SRM genomes were identified. Phylogenetic and functional analyses revealed pronounced metabolic heterogeneity between oxidative and reductive DsrAB lineages. Beyond canonical sulfate reduction, SRMs encode a diverse array of sulfur–sulfur bond–cleaving enzymes and hydrogenases, which contribute to redox balancing and energy conservation under energy-limited conditions. Furthermore, the widespread presence of conductive structures including pili and outer-membrane multiheme cytochromes encoded within uncultured SRMs suggests a significant potential for direct or flavin-mediated interspecies electron transfer. Collectively, these findings propose a mechanistic framework for understanding SRM resilience under the energy-limited conditions. These genomic insights also advance the fundamental basis for developing targeted strategies for bio-corrosion and bio-souring control.

硫酸盐还原微生物（SRMs），包括细菌和古细菌，是油藏生物腐蚀和生物酸化的驱动因素。然而，由于营养竞争和代谢抑制，SRMs对能量限制条件的适应策略对传统控制策略的长期有效性提出了挑战。这项研究为SRMs在这种限制下维持能量代谢和细胞内氧化还原平衡所采用的代谢策略提供了全面的基因组合成。从8个油藏区块共重建了752个宏基因组组装基因组（MAGs），鉴定了60个SRM基因组。系统发育和功能分析显示，氧化和还原DsrAB谱系之间存在明显的代谢异质性。除了典型的硫酸盐还原外，SRMs还编码多种硫-硫键切割酶和氢化酶，这些酶有助于在能量有限的条件下实现氧化还原平衡和节能。此外，在未培养的srm中广泛存在的导电结构，包括毛和外膜编码的多血红素细胞色素，表明直接或黄素介导的种间电子转移具有重要潜力。总的来说，这些发现提出了一个理解能量有限条件下SRM弹性的机制框架。这些基因组学的见解也为开发生物腐蚀和生物酸化控制的针对性策略提供了基础。

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