Co-catalysis strategy for low-oxidant-consumption Fenton-like chemistry: From theoretical understandings to practical applications and future guiding strategies

Abstract

Recently, great effects have been made for the co-catalysis strategy to solve the bottlenecks of Fenton system. A series of co-catalysis strategies using various inorganic metal co-catalysts and organic co-catalysts have been developed in various oxidant (i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and persulfate) systems with significantly promotion of catalytic performances and lower oxidant consumption (only 5–10 % of conventional Fenton/Fenton-like systems). However, the developments of these co-catalysis strategies from theoretical understandings to practical applications and future guiding strategies were overlooked, which was an essential problem that must be considered for the future scale-up applications of co-catalysis systems. In this paper, these co-catalysis strategies with low-oxidant-consumption characteristics have been reviewed by the comparison of their co-catalysis mechanisms, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. We also discussed the recent developments of amplifying devices based on the co-catalysis systems. The scale-up performances of co-catalysis strategies based on these amplifying devices have also been assessed. In addition, future guiding strategies for the development of co-catalysis strategy with low-oxidant-consumption characteristics have also been first time outlined by the combination of the technical-economic analysis (TEA), life cycle assessment (LCA) and machine learning (ML). Finally, the paper systematically discusses the development opportunities, technical bottlenecks and future development directions of co-catalysis strategies with the prospect of large-scale applications. Basically, this work provides a systematic review on co-catalysis strategy with low-oxidant-consumption characteristic from theoretical understandings to practical applications and future guiding strategies.