Environmental toxicology of microplastic particles on fish: A review

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110042
Mahdi Banaee , Cristiana Roberta Multisanti , Federica Impellitteri , Giuseppe Piccione , Caterina Faggio
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Abstract

The increase in plastic debris and its environmental impact has been a major concern for scientists. Physical destruction, chemical reactions, and microbial activity can degrade plastic waste into particles smaller than 5 mm, known as microplastics (MPs). MPs may eventually enter aquatic ecosystems through surface runoff. The accumulation of MPs in aquatic environments poses a potential threat to finfish, shellfish, and the ecological balance. This study investigated the effect of MP exposure on freshwater and marine fish. MPs could cause significant harm to fish, including physical damage, death, inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of cell signalling and cellular biochemical processes, immune system suppression, genetic damage, and reduction in fish growth and reproduction rates. The activation of the detoxification system of fish exposed to MPs may be associated with the toxicity of MPs and chemical additives to plastic polymers. Furthermore, MPs can enhance the bioavailability of other xenobiotics, allowing these harmful substances to more easily enter and accumulate in fish. Accumulation of MPs and associated chemicals in fish can have adverse effects on the fish and humans who consume them, with these toxic substances magnifying as they move up the food chain. Changes in migration and reproduction patterns and disruptions in predator-prey relationships in fish exposed to MPs can significantly affect ecological dynamics. These interconnected changes can lead to cascading effects throughout aquatic ecosystems. Thus, implementing solutions like reducing plastic production, enhancing recycling efforts, using biodegradable materials, and improving waste management is essential to minimize plastic waste and its environmental impact.

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微塑料颗粒对鱼类的环境毒理学:综述。
塑料垃圾的增加及其对环境的影响一直是科学家们关注的主要问题。物理破坏、化学反应和微生物活动可将塑料垃圾降解为小于 5 毫米的颗粒,即所谓的微塑料(MPs)。微塑料最终会通过地表径流进入水生生态系统。MPs 在水生环境中的积累对鱼类、贝类和生态平衡构成潜在威胁。本研究调查了接触 MP 对淡水鱼和海水鱼的影响。MPs 可对鱼类造成严重危害,包括身体损伤、死亡、炎症、氧化应激、细胞信号和细胞生化过程破坏、免疫系统抑制、遗传损伤以及鱼类生长和繁殖率降低。鱼类接触 MPs 后,解毒系统会被激活,这可能与 MPs 和塑料聚合物化学添加剂的毒性有关。此外,MPs 还能提高其他异种生物的生物利用率,使这些有害物质更容易进入鱼类体内并在鱼类体内积累。MPs 和相关化学物质在鱼类体内的积累会对鱼类和食用鱼类的人类产生不利影响,这些有毒物质会随着食物链的上升而放大。鱼类暴露于 MPs 后,其洄游和繁殖模式会发生变化,捕食者与猎物之间的关系也会受到破坏,从而严重影响生态动态。这些相互关联的变化会对整个水生生态系统产生连带效应。因此,实施减少塑料生产、加强回收利用、使用可生物降解材料和改善废物管理等解决方案,对于最大限度地减少塑料废物及其对环境的影响至关重要。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
5.10%
发文量
206
审稿时长
30 days
期刊介绍: Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. This journal is concerned with chemical and drug action at different levels of organization, biotransformation of xenobiotics, mechanisms of toxicity, including reactive oxygen species and carcinogenesis, endocrine disruptors, natural products chemistry, and signal transduction with a molecular approach to these fields.
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