Dosage effect of the Ph1 locus on homologous crossovers in a segment of chromosome 1B of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L.

IF 1.7 4区生物学 Q4 CELL BIOLOGY Cytogenetic and Genome Research Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1159/000541484

Adam J Lukaszewski

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Abstract

Introduction: The Ph1 locus in polyploid wheat enforces strictly bivalent behavior in meiotic metaphase I, by preventing homoeologues from crossing over. It has always been considered as completely dominant as no homoeologous metaphase I pairing has ever been detected with its single dose present. However, Ph1 also affects pairing and crossing over of homologous chromosomes.

Methods: Crossover frequencies with Ph1 in two, one and null doses were scored cytologically, as exchanges between a ca. 9.5 - 9.9 Mbp terminal wheat segment of a wheat-rye translocation T-9 and corresponding segments in chromosome arms 1BS originating from three different wheat cultivars.

Results: In all cases, the crossover rates with a single dose of Ph1 present were intermediate between two and null doses. Averaging across all three chromosomes, the crossover rate with a single dose of Ph1 present was 124% higher from that with two doses, and 54% of that with a zero dosage.

Conclusion: The Ph1 locus in wheat is not dominant, but operates in a dosage dependent manner.

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Ph1 基因座对面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）1B 染色体一段同源交叉的剂量效应

引言多倍体小麦中的 Ph1 基因座通过阻止同源物的杂交，在减数分裂的分裂后期 I 阶段实现了严格的二价行为。该基因位点一直被认为是完全显性的，因为在其单一剂量存在的情况下，从未检测到同源染色体的减数分裂后期 I 期配对。然而，Ph1 也会影响同源染色体的配对和交叉：方法：对 Ph1 的两剂量、一剂量和零剂量交叉频率进行细胞学评分，即小麦-黑麦易位 T-9 的一个约 9.5 - 9.9 Mbp 的小麦末端片段与来自三个不同小麦栽培品种的染色体臂 1BS 中的相应片段之间的交换：在所有情况下，单剂量 Ph1 的交叉率介于双剂量和无效剂量之间。对所有三条染色体进行平均，单剂量 Ph1 的交叉率比双剂量高 124%，是零剂量的 54%：结论：小麦中的 Ph1 基因座不是显性的，而是以剂量依赖的方式运作。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cytogenetic and Genome Research 生物-细胞生物学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： During the last decades, ''Cytogenetic and Genome Research'' has been the leading forum for original reports and reviews in human and animal cytogenetics, including molecular, clinical and comparative cytogenetics. In recent years, most of its papers have centered on genome research, including gene cloning and sequencing, gene mapping, gene regulation and expression, cancer genetics, comparative genetics, gene linkage and related areas. The journal also publishes key papers on chromosome aberrations in somatic, meiotic and malignant cells. Its scope has expanded to include studies on invertebrate and plant cytogenetics and genomics. Also featured are the vast majority of the reports of the International Workshops on Human Chromosome Mapping, the reports of international human and animal chromosome nomenclature committees, and proceedings of the American and European cytogenetic conferences and other events. In addition to regular issues, the journal has been publishing since 2002 a series of topical issues on a broad variety of themes from cytogenetic and genome research.