Human Leukocyte Antigen-G Gene Polymorphism in Peninsular Malaysia: A Preliminary Report.

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q4 GENETICS & HEREDITY Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-16 DOI:10.1089/gtmb.2023.0492
Che Ghazali Norul Hajar, Zulkafli Zefarina, Nor Suhaila Md Riffin, Tuan Hulwani Tuan Mohammad, Mohd Nazri Hassan, Sharifah-Nany Rahayu-Karmilla Syed-Hassan, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz, Abd Rashid Nur Haslindawaty, Geoffrey Keith Chambers, Hisham Atan Edinur
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Abstract

Introduction: Expression of the nonclassical human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G gene is upregulated in placenta during pregnancy. In other cells, HLA-G is upregulated during parasitic infections and allergic reactions. Polymorphism at the HLA-G gene locus has been reported for many populations, but so far not for any ethnic groups in Malaysia. In this survey, we screened for genetic variation in HLA-G genes from representative Malay, Chinese, and Indian individuals living in Peninsular Malaysia. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained with informed consent, and ethnicity classes were assigned based on self-declared pedigree information. Exons 2, 3, and 4 of the HLA-G gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Results: The most common genotype in Malays and Indians was found to be HLA-G*01:01:01:01/01:01:01:01 with frequencies of 0.206 and 0.167, respectively, whereas the HLA-G*01:01:03:01/01:01:01:01 genotype was the one most frequently observed in Chinese (0.221). Based on this study, HLA-G*01:01:01:01 (0.427-0.448) is the most frequent HLA-G allele in the all three ethnic groups. In contrast, HLA-G*01:01:02:01 (0.186) was observed as the second most frequent HLA-G allele in Malays and HLA-G*01:04:01 in Chinese and Indians, (0.188-0.198, respectively). Several minor HLA-G alleles were detected at low frequency in Malays, Chinese, or Indians (HLA-G*01:01:05, 01:01:09, 01:04:02, and 01:04:03). These have only rarely, if ever, been reported in other population groups. Subsequent statistical analysis including using principal coordinate data mapping showed the Malays, Chinese, and Indians are distinct but quite closely related to one another as compared with other population groups from across Europe and Africa. Conclusion: The HLA-G population data collected in this study showed that the ancestrally unrelated Malays, Chinese, and Indians are genetically distinct. This new database provides a foundation for further studies to capture HLA-G allelic diversity in uncharacterized populations of Malaysia and for future attempts to identify their roles in disease resistance and susceptibility.

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马来西亚半岛的人类白细胞抗原-G 基因多态性:初步报告。
简介非典型人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-G 基因的表达在妊娠期胎盘中上调。在寄生虫感染和过敏反应期间,HLA-G 基因在其他细胞中的表达也会上调。HLA-G 基因位点的多态性在许多人群中都有报道,但迄今为止,马来西亚还没有任何一个族群出现过这种多态性。在这项调查中,我们对生活在马来西亚半岛的代表性马来人、华人和印度人的 HLA-G 基因进行了遗传变异筛查。材料和方法:在知情同意的情况下采集血样,并根据自我申报的血统信息划分种族等级。通过聚合酶链反应扩增 HLA-G 基因的 2、3 和 4 号外显子,并进行桑格测序。结果显示在马来人和印度人中最常见的基因型是 HLA-G*01:01:01:01/01:01:01:01,频率分别为 0.206 和 0.167,而在中国人中最常见的基因型是 HLA-G*01:01:03:01/01:01:01:01,频率为 0.221。根据这项研究,HLA-G*01:01:01:01(0.427-0.448)是三个民族中最常见的 HLA-G 等位基因。相比之下,在马来人中,HLA-G*01:01:02:01(0.186)是第二常见的 HLA-G 等位基因,在华人和印度人中,HLA-G*01:04:01(分别为 0.188-0.198)是第二常见的 HLA-G 等位基因。在马来人、华人或印度人中检测到的几个次要 HLA-G 等位基因频率较低(HLA-G*01:01:05、01:01:09、01:04:02 和 01:04:03)。这些情况在其他人群中很少出现,甚至从未出现过。随后的统计分析(包括使用主坐标数据映射)显示,与欧洲和非洲的其他人群相比,马来人、中国人和印度人彼此不同,但关系相当密切。结论本研究收集的 HLA-G 群体数据显示,祖先没有血缘关系的马来人、华人和印度人在遗传学上是不同的。这一新的数据库为进一步研究马来西亚未定性人群中的 HLA-G 等位基因多样性奠定了基础,也为今后确定它们在疾病抵抗力和易感性中的作用奠定了基础。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
7.10%
发文量
63
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers is the leading peer-reviewed journal covering all aspects of human genetic testing including molecular biomarkers. The Journal provides a forum for the development of new technology; the application of testing to decision making in an increasingly varied set of clinical situations; ethical, legal, social, and economic aspects of genetic testing; and issues concerning effective genetic counseling. This is the definitive resource for researchers, clinicians, and scientists who develop, perform, and interpret genetic tests and their results. Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers coverage includes: -Diagnosis across the life span- Risk assessment- Carrier detection in individuals, couples, and populations- Novel methods and new instrumentation for genetic testing- Results of molecular, biochemical, and cytogenetic testing- Genetic counseling
期刊最新文献
Immune Regulatory Circular RNAs, circRasGEF1B and circHIPK3, Are Upregulated in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of COVID-19 Patients. Association of ANRIL Gene Polymorphisms with Gastric Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study. Evaluation of Multigene Methylation for Blood-Based Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Human Leukocyte Antigen-G Gene Polymorphism in Peninsular Malaysia: A Preliminary Report. Analysis of ANO6, HAPLN1, and EDIL3 Polymorphisms in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study.
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