Exploring Barriers to Effective COVID-19 Risk Mitigation, Recovery, and Chronic Disease Self-Management: A Qualitative Multilevel Perspective.

IF 1.8 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Patient Related Outcome Measures Pub Date : 2024-09-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2147/PROM.S467743
Gayenell S Magwood, Charles Ellis, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Ebony Allen Toussaint, Jewel Scott, Lynne S Nemeth
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Abstract

Introduction: Many research activities have focused on SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 respiratory illness during the pandemic. However, significant racial inequities emerged months after the COVID-19 pandemic began. The similarity between racial/ ethnic disparities in COVID-19 and those for other diseases raised awareness about the context for risk exposure and healthcare access. The purpose of this study is to examine social and structural determinants of health among COVID-19 survivors, carepartners, and the perspectives of healthcare stakeholders who experienced disruption during the early pandemic.

Material and methods: A purposive sample of interviews (n=9) and focus groups (n=10) were used to collect data regarding knowledge of barriers to effective COVID-19 risk mitigation, recovery, and chronic disease self-management. This included nurses, physicians, COVID-19 survivors and their carepartners, public health, and community leaders connected with the healthcare systems in rural counties of South Carolina.

Results: Five major themes were identified across the subgroups. The themes: The COVID-19 Illness Trajectory Added Major Health Challenges and Stressors, Access to Care Is Lacking, Support is Needed for COVID-19 Survivors and Care Partners, Support Must be Distributed Equitably, and Racism and Structural Issues Affect Stress reflect the strengths, opportunities, and inequities perceived within these groups.

Conclusion: This research is the first qualitative study focused on COVID-19 survivor-carepartner dyads that consider the intersectionality of race/ ethnicity, geography, and health that is known to occur when engaging healthcare systems. The themes illustrate the need for infectious disease prevention at all socioecological levels: structural/ systemic, community, organizational/ institutional, interpersonal, and individual.

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探索有效降低 COVID-19 风险、康复和慢性病自我管理的障碍:定性多层次视角。
前言在 SARS-CoV-2 感染和随后的 COVID-19 呼吸道疾病大流行期间,许多研究活动都集中在此方面。然而,在 COVID-19 大流行开始数月后,出现了严重的种族不平等现象。COVID-19 的种族/民族差异与其他疾病的种族/民族差异具有相似性,这提高了人们对风险暴露和医疗保健服务背景的认识。本研究的目的是在 COVID-19 的幸存者、护理伙伴中研究健康的社会和结构性决定因素,以及在大流行早期经历过混乱的医疗保健利益相关者的观点:通过有目的的抽样访谈(9 人)和焦点小组(10 人),收集有关有效降低 COVID-19 风险、康复和慢性病自我管理障碍的知识数据。其中包括护士、医生、COVID-19 幸存者及其护理伙伴、公共卫生以及与南卡罗来纳州农村地区医疗保健系统相关的社区领袖:结果:各分组确定了五大主题。这些主题包括COVID-19 疾病轨迹增加了主要的健康挑战和压力、缺乏获得医疗服务的途径、COVID-19 幸存者和护理伙伴需要支持、支持必须公平分配、种族主义和结构性问题影响压力,这些主题反映了这些群体的优势、机会和不平等:本研究是第一项以 COVID-19 幸存者-伴侣二元组合为重点的定性研究,该研究考虑到了种族/民族、地理和健康的交叉性,而众所周知,在与医疗保健系统接触时会出现这种交叉性。这些主题说明了在所有社会生态层面预防传染病的必要性:结构/系统、社区、组织/机构、人际和个人。
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来源期刊
Patient Related Outcome Measures
Patient Related Outcome Measures HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
自引率
4.80%
发文量
27
审稿时长
16 weeks
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