{"title":"Hydrogen sulfide antagonizes cytokinin to change root system architecture through persulfidation of CKX2 in Arabidopsis","authors":"Xiuyu Wang, Cuixia Liu, Tian Li, Fangyu Zhou, Haotian Sun, Fali Li, Ying Ma, Honglei Jia, Xiaoyue Zhang, Wei Shi, Chunmei Gong, Jisheng Li","doi":"10.1111/nph.20122","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>\n \n </p><ul>\n \n \n <li>Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) is an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, which has been shown to play an important role in plant growth and development by coupling with various phytohormones. However, the relationship between H<sub>2</sub>S and cytokinin (CTK) and the mechanisms by which H<sub>2</sub>S and CTK affect root growth remain poorly understood.</li>\n \n \n <li>Endogenous CTK was analyzed by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Persulfidation of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenases (CKXs) was analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). <i>ckx2/CKX2</i><sup><i>wild-type (WT)</i></sup>, OE <i>CKX2</i> and <i>ckx2/CKX2</i><sup><i>Cys(C)62alanine(A)</i></sup> transgenic lines were isolated with the <i>ckx2</i> background.</li>\n \n \n <li>H<sub>2</sub>S is linked to CTK content by CKX2, which regulates root system architecture (RSA). Persulfidation at cysteine (Cys)62 residue of CKX2 enhances CKX2 activity, resulting in reduced CTK content. We utilized <i>35S-LCD/oasa1</i> transgenic lines to investigate the effect of endogenous H<sub>2</sub>S on RSA, indicating that H<sub>2</sub>S reduces the gravitropic set-point angle (GSA), shortens root hairs, and increases the number of lateral roots (LRs). The persulfidation of CKX2<sup>Cys62</sup> changes the elongation of cells on the upper and lower flanks of LR elongation zone, confirming that Cys62 of CKX2 is the specificity target of H<sub>2</sub>S to regulate RSA <i>in vivo</i>.</li>\n \n \n <li>In conclusion, this study demonstrated that H<sub>2</sub>S negatively regulates CTK content and affects RSA by persulfidation of CKX2<sup>Cys62</sup> in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.</li>\n </ul>\n \n </div>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New Phytologist","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.20122","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule, which has been shown to play an important role in plant growth and development by coupling with various phytohormones. However, the relationship between H2S and cytokinin (CTK) and the mechanisms by which H2S and CTK affect root growth remain poorly understood.
Endogenous CTK was analyzed by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Persulfidation of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenases (CKXs) was analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). ckx2/CKX2wild-type (WT), OE CKX2 and ckx2/CKX2Cys(C)62alanine(A) transgenic lines were isolated with the ckx2 background.
H2S is linked to CTK content by CKX2, which regulates root system architecture (RSA). Persulfidation at cysteine (Cys)62 residue of CKX2 enhances CKX2 activity, resulting in reduced CTK content. We utilized 35S-LCD/oasa1 transgenic lines to investigate the effect of endogenous H2S on RSA, indicating that H2S reduces the gravitropic set-point angle (GSA), shortens root hairs, and increases the number of lateral roots (LRs). The persulfidation of CKX2Cys62 changes the elongation of cells on the upper and lower flanks of LR elongation zone, confirming that Cys62 of CKX2 is the specificity target of H2S to regulate RSA in vivo.
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that H2S negatively regulates CTK content and affects RSA by persulfidation of CKX2Cys62 in Arabidopsis thaliana.
期刊介绍:
New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.