New Phytologist最新文献

Protists are key players in the utilization of protein nitrogen in the arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphosphere 原生动物是利用树胶菌根下层中蛋白质氮的关键角色

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70153

Anukool Vaishnav, Martin Rozmoš, Michala Kotianová, Hana Hršelová, Petra Bukovská, Jan Jansa

<h2> Introduction</h2>Nitrogen (N) is usually the most limiting mineral nutrient among those that plants obtain from the soil, and its availability often determines growth and yields of crops (Tegeder & Masclaux-Daubresse, 2018). For over a century, agronomists have held the belief that crop plants primarily absorb N in the form of nitrate (NO3−) and/or ammonium (NH4+), while the uptake of organic N was only considered in natural environments, such as arctic or forested ecosystems, where inorganic N generally is scarce (Wang et al., 2018). This belief as well as the availability of industrially produced mineral N fertilizers has led to a reliance on inorganic N fertilizers in agriculture, with most studies targeting inorganic N dynamics rather than organic N. Although the widespread use of inorganic N fertilizers has resulted in significant yield improvements, it has also caused soil degradation and environmental pollution at unprecedented scales (Lassaletta et al., 2014; Hagh-Doust et al., 2023). A substantial portion (up to 50%) of the inorganic N applied in agriculture is not utilized by crops and, after undergoing various transformations, can become a serious pollutant in water and air (Coskun et al., 2017). This pollution disrupts regional biogeochemical N cycles as well as the cycling of carbon (C) and other elements (Grandy et al., 2022).In recent decades, ecological and agricultural studies have suggested that the traditional view of plant N nutrition is overly simplistic. The importance of organic N in agricultural crop production has often been overlooked (Näsholm et al., 2009; Farzadfar et al., 2021). Organic N forms constitute 80% to 90% of the total N pool in the soil, except that immediately after the application of inorganic N fertilizers, the inorganic N fraction temporarily increases (Liu et al., 2018). Soil organic N dynamics have been studied with several model and crop plants, including Plantago, wheat, barley, maize, clover, and sugarcane (Hodge et al., 2001; Jämtgård et al., 2008; Czaban et al., 2016; Enggrob et al., 2019; Farzadfar et al., 2021). This has enhanced our understanding that plants can absorb a variety of N forms, including both inorganic and organic (as oligomers or monomers). However, agricultural systems typically receive external N inputs that create conditions for N cycling different from those in natural systems. This discrepancy has generated a crucial research gap concerning the availability and uptake mechanisms of organic N for plant use in agricultural systems (Thirkell et al., 2016). To address this gap, we need a deeper understanding as to the ro

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引用次数: 0

Cones and consequences: the false dichotomy of conifers vs broad-leaves has critical implications for research and modelling

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70136

Kate M. Johnson, Matilda J. M. Brown, Katya I. Bandow, Helena Vallicrosa

In plant science research and modelling, particularly from the northern hemisphere, the terms ‘needle-leaved’ and ‘conifer’ along with ‘broad-leaved’ and ‘angiosperm’ are often used synonymously, creating the false dichotomy that conifers are needle-leaved and angiosperms are broad-leaved. While these equivalences may be largely correct in the temperate northern hemisphere, they do not hold true in equatorial and southern hemisphere forests. Confounding needle-leaved conifers and broad-leaved angiosperms present significant issues in empirical research and modelling. Here, we highlight the likely origins and impacts of misusing conifer-related terminology, the misinterpretation that ensues and its implications. We identify the issue of a focus on Pinaceae and coin the term ‘Pinaceae panacea’ to describe this. We provide recommendations for future research: from standardising the use of definitions to shifting away from using Pinaceae as a model group for all conifers.

引用次数: 0

Acyl-CoA-binding proteins: bridging long-chain acyl-CoA metabolism to gene regulation 酰基-CoA 结合蛋白：连接长链酰基-CoA 代谢与基因调控的桥梁

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70142

Allegra Wundersitz, Kurt M. V. Hoffmann, Joost T. van Dongen

Acyl-Coenzyme A-binding proteins (ACBPs) sequester and transport long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A (LCA-CoA) molecules, key intermediates in lipid metabolism, membrane biogenesis, and energy production. In addition, recent research emphasizes their regulatory role in linking the metabolic state to gene expression. In animals, ACBPs coordinate acetyl-CoA metabolism and enzyme activity, thereby affecting gene expression through broad signaling networks. In plants, ACBPs contribute to development and stress responses, with hypoxia research showing their involvement in detecting LCA-CoA fluctuations to trigger genetic acclimation. This review explores ACBPs in LCA-CoA signaling and gene regulation, emphasizing their function as universal ‘translators’ of metabolic states for cellular acclimation. Further ACBP research will offer novel regulatory insights into numerous signaling pathways fundamental to health, development, and environmental responses across kingdoms.

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to: Pollen analysis using multispectral imaging flow cytometry and deep learning

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70163

New Phytologist (2021) 229: 593–606, doi: 10.1111/nph.16882

Since its publication, the authors of Dunker et al. (2020) have identified an error in their article. In the ‘Materials and Methods’ subsection, ‘Sample preparation’, a typographical error was present within two of the compounds listed. The correct text is given below.

We apologize to our readers for this error.

引用次数: 0

Deceptive Ceropegia sandersonii uses an arabinogalactan for trapping its fly pollinators

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70144

Philipp Feichtlbauer, Mario Schubert, Caroline Mortier, Christof Regl, Peter Lackner, Peter Briza, Klaus Herburger, Ulrich Meve, John W. C. Dunlop, Michaela Eder, Stefan Dötterl, Raimund Tenhaken

<h2> Introduction</h2>Around 130 million years ago, angiosperms started to emerge (Crane et al., 1995; Magallón et al., 2015), and since then, surfaces that reduce or modulate insect attachment have evolved. These surfaces often protect the plants from herbivores, while deceptive trap flowers and carnivorous plants use such surfaces to trap insects (Poppinga et al., 2010; Bröderbauer et al., 2012) for pollination purposes and to use them as a food source, respectively.Plants reduce the ability of insects to adhere to their surfaces through a variety of mechanisms, such as surface sculpturing, contamination and/or aquaplaning. Anti-adhesion via surface texture is achieved by convex, dome-like, papillae-like or tabular-shaped cells that result in roughness (Poppinga et al., 2010). Such an arrangement of cells on the plant surface prevents claw interlock, by not providing the adequate edges or ridges that insect claws can successfully lock on to (Juniper et al., 1989; Vogel & Martens, 2000). Furthermore, these surfaces also act to greatly reduce the overall contact area for insect footpad adhesion thus reducing possible adhesion forces (Gorb & Gorb, 2002; Gorb et al., 2005; Poppinga et al., 2010). An anisotropic arrangement of lunate cells or small trichomes can also achieve the same effect (Juniper et al., 1989; Gaume et al., 2002; Poppinga et al., 2010; Gorb & Gorb, 2011; Bauer et al., 2012). While all these surface types reduce the contact area on a microscopic scale, the formation of three-dimensional epicuticular waxes reduces the contact area on a nanoscopic scale (Gorb, 2001; Gorb & Gorb, 2017). This is achieved by radial ridges (see Bohn & Federle, 2004) on plant surfaces by superimposed wax crystals or cuticular folds (Bohn & Federle, 2004; Prüm et al., 2012; Surapaneni et al., 2021) among others. Anti-adhesive properties via contamination are achieved by interfering with the adhesive properties of the insect footpads (Knoll, 1914; Poppinga et al., 2010). Here epicuticular wax layers display either filamentous or tubular crystals (Federle et al., 1997; Gaume et al., 2004; Borodich et al., 2010) or platelets (Juniper et al., 1989; Gaume et al., 2004; Gorb et al., 2005; Purtov et al., 2013), both of which may easily break off the plant surface and attach to the insect's adhesive footpads, thus contaminating the foot surface. Another strategy to reduce insect attachment is t

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引用次数: 0

Forest productivity response to elevated CO2 in free-air CO2 enrichment experiments: the 23 percent solution, revisited

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70162

Richard J. Norby

A synthesis of free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiments describing the response of forest net primary productivity (NPP) to elevated atmospheric CO₂ published in 2005 has provided a valuable benchmark for ecosystem models used to address the impact of future atmospheric CO₂ levels on forest productivity and the feedback to the atmosphere and climate change. However, that analysis was limited to young, temperate zone tree plantations, and its applicability to other biomes can be questioned. Now, after 20-yr-old, this new analysis includes two sites in much older, mature forests and expanded and updated analyses from the original sites. The original conclusion from 2005 remains valid with only a minor modification. After normalizing to a common CO₂ enrichment of 41%, NPP increased 21.8% in elevated CO₂ across a wide range of forest productivity. The response declined with increasing mean annual temperature, but did not decline with forest age as expected. The response of wood production (18.2%) was somewhat less than that of NPP, but there was no evidence of a CO₂ effect on carbon allocation between long- and short-term carbon pools. This analysis should inform and generate testable hypotheses for new FACE experiments such as the AmazonFACE experiment in a tropical forest.

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引用次数: 0

Priming the pump: translational dynamics from seed to seedling transition under priming treatment

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70156

Naoto Sano

<div>Seed germination is considered a developmental transition phase, as it is part of the process in which metabolically quiescent dry seeds grow into vigorous seedlings through metabolic reactivation after water uptake, accompanied by dramatic changes in the associated gene expression networks (Silva et al., 2016). Seed priming is a pre-sowing technique used in crop production to improve germination performance, resulting in more vigorous and stress-tolerant seedlings (Pagano et al., 2023). This technique stimulates the transition from seeds to seedlings by initiating controlled seed hydration and then drying before germination. The trade-off is that primed seeds generally age and lose viability more rapidly than unprimed seeds (Fabrissin et al., 2021). An article recently published in New Phytologist, by Gran et al. (2025; doi: 10.1111/nph.70098) ‘Unravelling the dynamics of seed stored mRNAs during seed priming’, provides novel insights into the translational changes underlying the transition from seeds to seedlings through priming treatment. <blockquote>‘How can we capture dynamic changes in gene expression induced by seed priming? has been a major challenge in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying priming-related traits.’<div></div></blockquote></div>In seed plants, seeds function as dispersal units for the next generation, incorporating various survival strategies. The desiccation tolerance of seeds enables their survival in a quiescent state under extreme water-deficient conditions. Subsequently, under environmentally favourable conditions, seed germination and seedling establishment occur, accompanied by a complete loss of desiccation tolerance after germination (Sano & Verdier, 2024). Another key environmental adaptation mechanism is seed dormancy, which prevents vivipary and, following seed dispersal, delays and staggers germination over time. The depth of dormancy responses to seasonal environmental changes determines the optimal timing of germination for maximizing seedling survival and growth (Sano & Marion-Poll, 2021). Following dispersal from the mother plant, seeds are subjected to fluctuations in temperature and hydration–dehydration cycles, which alter the embryo's lifespan and could influence seed persistence in the soil seed bank under natural environmental conditions (Long et al., 2015). A pre-sowing treatment, ‘seed priming’, mimics such environmental fluctuations. In agriculture, rapid and uniform germination is essential. Priming reduces dormancy and promotes germination through controlled hydration, followed by re-drying before desiccation tolerance is lost. This process enables storage and distribution of primed seeds before sowing. However, a phenomenon known as ‘overpriming’ causes seed death after re-drying, and primed seeds more generally have a r

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引用次数: 0

Cultivating vibrant apples: the role of nitrogen signaling in orchestrating anthocyanin biosynthesis for enhanced fruit coloration and quality

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70158

Xiaofeng Zhou, Nan Ma

<div>Plants respond to nitrogen fluctuations through sophisticated metabolic reprogramming, with anthocyanin accumulation serving as a hallmark of stress adaptation. Nitrogen signaling, as a core regulatory pathway in this process, finely regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis through an intricate network of transcription factors, metabolic pathways, and signaling cascades. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation remain elusive. In an article recently published in New Phytologist, Guo et al. (2025, doi: 10.1111/nph.70040) unveiled a small part of these mechanisms with their outstanding research work. They proposed an ‘ubiquitination–phosphorylation–hormone’ tripartite regulatory framework, revealing how nitrate signaling dynamically coordinates with gibberellin pathways through posttranslational modifications to precisely regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. Their work systematically deciphers the molecular logic of nutrient–hormone cross talk, offering novel insights into the interplay between nitrate signaling and phytohormone interaction networks. This discovery is of great significance in terms of revealing the molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to environmental changes, as well as for future applications in agriculture, ecology, and other fields. <blockquote>It unveils the dynamic integration of post-translational modifications… with hormonal cues, through spatiotemporally orchestrated multi-tiered interactions, thereby providing a conceptual framework for optimizing nitrogen–hormone balance in fruit crop cultivation systems.<div></div></blockquote></div>Nitrogen, as a central element in plant life processes, not only provides the structural foundation for the synthesis of primary metabolites such as amino acids and nucleic acids but also functions as a metabolic hub by dynamically sensing environmental nitrogen availability. This regulatory process involves multilayered coordination mechanisms. Under nitrogen-deficient conditions, plants adopt a ‘survival-priority’ strategy for resource reallocation. For instance, Arabidopsis seedlings exhibit a 42% reduction in Chl content, specific accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves, and a marked increase in lateral root density (Scheible et al., 2004; Peng et al., 2008). Such adaptive remodeling is achieved through dual metabolic adjustments: Nitrate resupply rapidly induces the trehalose biosynthesis gene AtTPS5 while suppressing trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatases (AtTPPA/B), forming a ‘metabolic valve’ that redirects carbon flux from starch synthesis toward phenylpropanoid pathways (Scheible et al., 2004). Concurrently, downregulation of nitrogen-intensive enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enhances nitrogen recycling efficiency in Nicotiana tabacum xylem by 37% (Fritz et al., 2006).At the transcriptional le

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引用次数: 0

Mago nashi controls auxin-mediated embryo patterning in Arabidopsis by regulating transcript abundance

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70154

Liping Liu, Wen Gong, Regina Stöckl, Philipp Denninger, Uwe Schwartz, Mark A. Johnson, Thomas Dresselhaus

Establishing the apical-basal body axis is one of the earliest steps in embryo development of animals and plants. In the fruit fly Drosophila, for example, the axis is established by localized graded determinants in an initial syncytium (Bloom, 1996; Moussian & Roth, 2005). In vertebrates, axis formation is established through a sequence of interactions between neighboring cells and via cell movement (Czirok et al., 2004; Mongera et al., 2019). By contrast, plant embryogenesis has no syncytial phase, and each cell has a fixed position and does not move (Capron et al., 2009). In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), body axis formation is already initiated with the asymmetric division of the zygote. Zygotic division gives rise to a smaller apical daughter cell from which most of the embryo will develop and a large basal daughter cell, which will form the suspensor connecting the embryo to the maternal tissue. Two principal pathways regulate the establishment of the apical-basal axis in Arabidopsis: One involves activation of the transcription factors WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 2 (WOX2) and WOX8, and the other one involves PIN-FORMED (PIN)-mediated auxin transport and temporal activity of the auxin response machinery (Lau et al., 2012; Robert et al., 2013; Palovaara et al., 2016; Dresselhaus & Jürgens, 2021). WOX2 and WOX8 are initially co-expressed in the zygote and are thereafter restricted to the apical and basal daughter cells, marking the apical and basal cell lineages, respectively (Haecker et al., 2004; Breuninger et al., 2008). Plants utilize directional transport of auxin to generate an asymmetric auxin response that specifies the embryonic apical-basal axis (Friml et al., 2003; Weijers et al., 2006; Ueda et al., 2011). Suspensor-expressed auxin efflux carrier PIN7 mediates polar auxin flow from the suspensor toward the embryo proper, which is required for embryo development (Friml et al., 2003; Robert et al., 2013). Later during embryogenesis, the onset of localized auxin biosynthesis mediates polarization of the auxin efflux carriers PIN1, which is required for the specification of basal embryonic structures (e.g. the root pole) (Ikeda et al., 2009; Eklund et al., 2010; Robert et al., 2013).Mago nashi (Mago), which was originally identified in Drosophila, is required for polarity establishment during early embryogenesis. Mago is a maternal component of an mRNP complex that is required for polarized localization of oskar mRNA to the posterior pole for axis formation in Drosophila oocytes

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引用次数: 0

AMF diversity promotes plant community phosphorus acquisition and reduces carbon costs per unit of phosphorus

IF 9.4 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/nph.70161

Sören Eliot Weber, Jordi Bascompte, Ansgar Kahmen, Pascal A. Niklaus

Plants may benefit from more diverse communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as functional complementarity of AMF may allow for increased resource acquisition, and because a high AMF diversity increases the probability of plants matching with an optimal AMF symbiont.
We repeatedly radiolabeled plants and AMF in the glasshouse over c. 9 months to test how AMF species richness (SR) influences the exchange of plant C (¹⁴C) for AMF P (³²P & ³³P) and resulting shoot nutrients and mass from a biodiversity–ecosystem functioning perspective.
Plant P acquisition via AMF increased with sown AMF SR, as did shoot biomass, shoot P, and shoot N. The rate of plant C transferred to AMF for this P (C:P) decreased with sown AMF SR.
Plants in plant communities benefit from inoculation with a variety of AMF species via more favorable resource exchange. Surprisingly, this effect did not differ among functionally distinct communities comprised entirely of either legumes, nonlegume forbs, or C3 grasses.

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引用次数: 0