{"title":"Relationship between void characteristics and re-liquefaction resistance: An image analysis study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sandf.2024.101506","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To scrutinize the impact of void characteristics on re-liquefaction resistance, a series of constant-volume cyclic bi-axial tests was conducted on an assembly of plastic rods. The first and second liquefaction stages involved the application of isotropic compression at 100 kPa followed by constant-volume cyclic loading with the deviator stress set at 30 or 60 kPa. This study introduced an innovative image analysis method to quantify four void characteristics: anisotropy index (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and average void element size (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) for the element-based analysis, and local anisotropy index (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>I</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) and local void ratio (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>e</mi><mrow><mi>ij</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) for the grid-based analysis. The newly developed anisotropy index was seen to facilitate the assessment of the primary alignment and degree of anisotropy in void elements. The results confirmed that an increase in re-liquefaction resistance is evident in specimens with lower average <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>e</mi><mrow><mi>ij</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, coefficient of variation (CV) of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>e</mi><mrow><mi>ij</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, indicating denser, more homogeneous, and isotropic conditions. Nevertheless, specimens with a greater degree of anisotropy were found to be more susceptible to re-liquefaction. The development of strain in the early stages of cyclic loading was found to be predominantly influenced by the anisotropy index, underscoring the imperative need for an enhanced method that can predict liquefaction resistance, as well as re-liquefaction resistance, and incorporates the anisotropy index.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21857,"journal":{"name":"Soils and Foundations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038080624000842/pdfft?md5=a9d3d5e42f6f66a603f7a17f8a1ac1c8&pid=1-s2.0-S0038080624000842-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Soils and Foundations","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038080624000842","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
To scrutinize the impact of void characteristics on re-liquefaction resistance, a series of constant-volume cyclic bi-axial tests was conducted on an assembly of plastic rods. The first and second liquefaction stages involved the application of isotropic compression at 100 kPa followed by constant-volume cyclic loading with the deviator stress set at 30 or 60 kPa. This study introduced an innovative image analysis method to quantify four void characteristics: anisotropy index () and average void element size () for the element-based analysis, and local anisotropy index () and local void ratio () for the grid-based analysis. The newly developed anisotropy index was seen to facilitate the assessment of the primary alignment and degree of anisotropy in void elements. The results confirmed that an increase in re-liquefaction resistance is evident in specimens with lower average , coefficient of variation (CV) of , and , indicating denser, more homogeneous, and isotropic conditions. Nevertheless, specimens with a greater degree of anisotropy were found to be more susceptible to re-liquefaction. The development of strain in the early stages of cyclic loading was found to be predominantly influenced by the anisotropy index, underscoring the imperative need for an enhanced method that can predict liquefaction resistance, as well as re-liquefaction resistance, and incorporates the anisotropy index.
期刊介绍:
Soils and Foundations is one of the leading journals in the field of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. It is the official journal of the Japanese Geotechnical Society (JGS)., The journal publishes a variety of original research paper, technical reports, technical notes, as well as the state-of-the-art reports upon invitation by the Editor, in the fields of soil and rock mechanics, geotechnical engineering, and environmental geotechnics. Since the publication of Volume 1, No.1 issue in June 1960, Soils and Foundations will celebrate the 60th anniversary in the year of 2020.
Soils and Foundations welcomes theoretical as well as practical work associated with the aforementioned field(s). Case studies that describe the original and interdisciplinary work applicable to geotechnical engineering are particularly encouraged. Discussions to each of the published articles are also welcomed in order to provide an avenue in which opinions of peers may be fed back or exchanged. In providing latest expertise on a specific topic, one issue out of six per year on average was allocated to include selected papers from the International Symposia which were held in Japan as well as overseas.