Serendipita indica accelerates chlorophyll synthesis pathway and photosynthetic efficiency in trifoliate orange subjected to water deficit

IF 3.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Scientia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113667
Yu-Xi Wan , Sheng-Min Liang , Qiang-Sheng Wu , Abeer Hashem , Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah , Ying-Ning Zou
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Abstract

Chlorophylls are pivotal in capturing and converting light energy in leaves during photosynthesis, and changes in their biosynthetic pathway represent an adaptive response of plants to challenging environmental conditions. Serendipita indica, a culturable endophytic fungus, has demonstrated potential in enhancing the host plant's drought tolerance, whereas the underlying mechanisms (e.g., chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways) remain unclear. This study explored the impact of S. indica on the growth, chlorophyll synthesis intermediates and chlorophyll components, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthesis, and the expression of chlorophyll synthesis-associated genes in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) plants subjected to seven weeks of water deficit (WD). Following WD, the colonization of S. indica in roots significantly increased. Despite the growth-inhibiting effects of WD on trifoliate orange, inoculation with S. indica led to a substantial increase in aboveground growth performance and biomass production, with the magnitude of increase being more pronounced under WD than under no water dificit (NW). The WD treatment led to a reduction in the levels of leaf chlorophyll synthesis intermediates, while the colonization of S. indica significantly elevated the levels of 5-aminolevulimic acid, Mg-protoporphyrin IX, protoporphyrin IX, porphobilinogen, and protochlorophyllide in leaves, thus increasing chlorophyll a, b, and a + b concentrations in S. indica-treated plants, particularly under WD. S. indica inoculationi also up-regulated the expression level of PtHEMG1, PtCHLH, PtHEMA1, and PtHEME2 genes under WD. Interestingly, chlorophyll intermediates and the expression of chlorophyll-associated genes were significantly correlated with chlorophyll a in uninoculated plants and with chlorophyll b in inoculated plants. Under WD, S. indica-inoculated plants represented higher steady-state light quantum efficiency and lower steady-state nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching than uninoculated plants, which protected the photosynthetic apparatus from damage and increased the quantum efficiency of PSII. In addition, leaf gas exchange parameters were distinctly boosted by S. indica, with the increase being more pronounced under WD than under NW. In conclusion, S. indica-inoculated plants have better plant growth, chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthetic efficiency and gas exchange to adapt to WD.
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Serendipita indica 加快了缺水三叶橙的叶绿素合成途径和光合效率
叶绿素是叶片在光合作用过程中捕捉和转换光能的关键,叶绿素生物合成途径的变化代表了植物对挑战性环境条件的适应性反应。Serendipita indica 是一种可培养的内生真菌,在增强寄主植物的耐旱性方面具有潜力,但其潜在机制(如叶绿素生物合成途径)仍不清楚。本研究探讨了 S. indica 对缺水(WD)七周的三叶橙(Poncirus trifoliata)植株的生长、叶绿素合成中间体和叶绿素成分、叶绿素荧光参数、光合作用以及叶绿素合成相关基因表达的影响。缺水七周后,根部的蝙蝠蛾定植率明显增加。尽管缺水对三叶橙的生长有抑制作用,但接种 S. indica 后,三叶橙的地上部生长表现和生物量产量都有大幅提高,缺水时的提高幅度比不缺水(NW)时更明显。WD 处理导致叶片叶绿素合成中间体水平降低,而 S. indica 的定植则显著提高了叶片中 5-氨基乙酰丙酸、Mg-原卟啉 IX、原卟啉 IX、卟啉原和原叶绿素苷的水平,从而提高了 S. indica 处理植物的叶绿素 a、b 和 a + b 浓度,尤其是在 WD 条件下。在 WD 条件下,接种 S. indica 也会上调 PtHEMG1、PtCHLH、PtHEMA1 和 PtHEME2 基因的表达水平。有趣的是,叶绿素中间体和叶绿素相关基因的表达与未接种植株的叶绿素 a 和接种植株的叶绿素 b 显著相关。在 WD 条件下,接种 S. indica 的植株比未接种植株表现出更高的稳态光量子效率和更低的稳态非光化学荧光淬灭,这保护了光合装置免受损伤,提高了 PSII 的量子效率。此外,S. indica 对叶片气体交换参数也有明显的促进作用,在 WD 条件下的促进作用比在 NW 条件下更明显。总之,接种 S. indica 的植株在植物生长、叶绿素生物合成、光合效率和气体交换方面都能更好地适应 WD。
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来源期刊
Scientia Horticulturae
Scientia Horticulturae 农林科学-园艺
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
4.70%
发文量
796
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.
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