Forced Wetting of Shear-Thinning Fluids in Confined Capillaries

Abstract

Dynamic wetting in confined spaces is pivotal for the functional efficiency of biological organisms and offers significant potential for optimizing microdevices. The fluids encountered in such scenarios often exhibit shear-thinning behavior, which gives rise to complex interfacial phenomena. Here, we present an intriguing wetting phenomenon for shear-thinning fluids in confined capillary spaces. The employed shear-thinning fluids, carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solutions with mass fractions of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt %, exhibit an intermediate state between ideal viscoelastic liquids, viscoelastic solids, and gel-like properties. We elucidate the geometric effect on its capillary wetting behavior, demonstrating that distortion of the moving contact line alters flow dynamics near the front corner, modifying the viscous resistance. This intricate interplay between the modified viscous resistance and the driving force results in a novel dynamic equilibrium distinct from that in Newtonian fluids. We further reveal that the viscous resistance in confined capillaries is controlled by both the morphology of the moving contact line and the shear-thinning exponent, particularly within the range of 0.7 to 1. This novel mechanism provides a pathway for manipulating the wetting dynamics of complex fluids in confined spaces.