Genotype‐by‐environment interaction for wheat falling number performance due to late maturity α‐amylase

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1002/csc2.21348
William Fairlie, David Hughes, Brian Cullis, James Edwards, Haydn Kuchel
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Abstract

Late maturity α‐amylase (LMA) is known to reduce falling number (FN) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), similar to the effect of preharvest sprouting (PHS) and frost, which can result in grain parcels testing below trading thresholds. Hence, Grains Australia mandates that new Australian wheat cultivars must be at a low risk of LMA expression to receive a milling classification. The multi‐environment trial dataset contained 34 environments not affected by PHS or frost and was analyzed using a five‐factor analytic linear mixed model. Factor 1 accounted for 71.4% of the genetic variation in FN, factor 2 accounted for 8.8%, factor 3 accounted for 5.7%, factor 4 accounted for 3.5%, and factor 5 accounted for 3.1%. The interaction class (iClass) summary method was used to assist in the characterization of crossover genotype‐by‐environment interaction (G × E). Poorer FN performance was best observed in the “ppp” iClass, which indicated a minor, but significant, response to crossover G × E. The environment loadings for factor 1 were associated with mild ripening conditions, characterized by fewer days above 28°C, increased rainfall, and increased variation in daily maximum temperature and relative humidity. Factors 2 and 3 were associated with “cool shock” conditions, where the maximum temperature for 1 day was above 24°C followed by at least three consecutive days below 18°C during the grain fill period. This study provides further evidence of the crossover G × E present for FN associated with LMA, poor FN performance in genotypes that express higher levels of LMA, and the environmental conditions that contribute to LMA expression.
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晚熟α-淀粉酶对小麦落粒数表现的基因型与环境交互作用
众所周知,晚熟α-淀粉酶(LMA)会降低小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的降落粒数(FN),这与收获前发芽(PHS)和霜冻的影响类似,会导致谷物检测低于交易阈值。因此,澳大利亚谷物管理局规定,澳大利亚的新小麦品种必须具有较低的 LMA 表达风险,才能获得制粉分级。多环境试验数据集包含 34 个不受 PHS 或霜冻影响的环境,并采用五因素分析线性混合模型进行分析。因子 1 占 FN 遗传变异的 71.4%,因子 2 占 8.8%,因子 3 占 5.7%,因子 4 占 3.5%,因子 5 占 3.1%。交互作用类(iClass)总结法用于帮助描述基因型与环境的交互作用(G × E)。因子 1 的环境负荷与温和的成熟条件有关,其特点是 28°C 以上的天数较少、降雨量增加以及日最高温度和相对湿度的变化增加。因子 2 和 3 与 "冷冲击 "条件有关,即在谷粒灌浆期,有一天的最高温度高于 24°C,随后至少连续三天低于 18°C。这项研究进一步证明了与 LMA 相关的 FN 存在 G × E 交叉,表达较高水平 LMA 的基因型的 FN 表现较差,以及促进 LMA 表达的环境条件。
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来源期刊
Crop Science
Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in Crop Science are of interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and practitioners. The scope of articles in Crop Science includes crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology and metabolism; crop ecology, production, and management; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazing land ecology and management; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; germplasm collections and their use; and biomedical, health beneficial, and nutritionally enhanced plants. Crop Science publishes thematic collections of articles across its scope and includes topical Review and Interpretation, and Perspectives articles.
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