Paid Employment and Mental Health in 65–74-Year-Olds: Analysis of National Data From 2000, 2007 and 2014

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1002/gps.6143

Gayan Perera, Karen Glaser, Giorgio Di Gessa, Robert Stewart

{"title":"Paid Employment and Mental Health in 65–74-Year-Olds: Analysis of National Data From 2000, 2007 and 2014","authors":"Gayan Perera, Karen Glaser, Giorgio Di Gessa, Robert Stewart","doi":"10.1002/gps.6143","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Introduction</h3>\n \n <p>Employment rates for people aged 65 and over have been changing rapidly in many countries, but little is known about associations of employment status with mental health status and their stability over time. We therefore investigated mental health associations with employment status in 65–74-year-olds in three national samples.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>The data for these analyses were drawn from three national surveys of psychiatric morbidity among adults in England living in private households carried out in 2000, 2007, and 2014. Employment status was the primary exposure of interest. Common mental disorder (CMD) and constituent symptoms were ascertained identically in the three surveys from the revised Clinical Interview Schedule. Covariates included identical demographic, social and physical health measures.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>A significant association between non-employment and CMD was present in 2007 (odds ratio 2.66 [95% CI: 1.02–7.83]) but there was no significant association between non-employment and CMD in 2000 or 2014. The largest attenuation in the association between non-employment and CMD was seen when adjusted for physical health related factors. In combined samples, non-employment was most strongly associated with self-reported cognitive difficulties (OR 1.25, 1.01–1.61), depressive ideas (1.30, 1.01–1.67), worry (1.30, 1.01–1.68), and anxiety (1.27, 1.00–1.64) as constituent CMD symptoms.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Evidence is still unclear whether employment after statutory retirement ages is associated with better mental health, and associations may be symptom-specific. In the light of policies to encourage older workers to remain active in the labour market, more research is needed into the interrelationships between paid work and mental health, as well as other outcomes.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.6143","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gps.6143","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Employment rates for people aged 65 and over have been changing rapidly in many countries, but little is known about associations of employment status with mental health status and their stability over time. We therefore investigated mental health associations with employment status in 65–74-year-olds in three national samples.

Methods

The data for these analyses were drawn from three national surveys of psychiatric morbidity among adults in England living in private households carried out in 2000, 2007, and 2014. Employment status was the primary exposure of interest. Common mental disorder (CMD) and constituent symptoms were ascertained identically in the three surveys from the revised Clinical Interview Schedule. Covariates included identical demographic, social and physical health measures.

Results

A significant association between non-employment and CMD was present in 2007 (odds ratio 2.66 [95% CI: 1.02–7.83]) but there was no significant association between non-employment and CMD in 2000 or 2014. The largest attenuation in the association between non-employment and CMD was seen when adjusted for physical health related factors. In combined samples, non-employment was most strongly associated with self-reported cognitive difficulties (OR 1.25, 1.01–1.61), depressive ideas (1.30, 1.01–1.67), worry (1.30, 1.01–1.68), and anxiety (1.27, 1.00–1.64) as constituent CMD symptoms.

Conclusion

Evidence is still unclear whether employment after statutory retirement ages is associated with better mental health, and associations may be symptom-specific. In the light of policies to encourage older workers to remain active in the labour market, more research is needed into the interrelationships between paid work and mental health, as well as other outcomes.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

65-74 岁人群的有偿就业与心理健康：2000 年、2007 年和 2014 年全国数据分析

导言：在许多国家，65 岁及以上人群的就业率一直在迅速变化，但人们对就业状况与心理健康状况的关系及其随时间变化的稳定性却知之甚少。因此，我们在三个国家的样本中调查了 65-74 岁人群的心理健康状况与就业状况的关系。方法这些分析数据来自 2000 年、2007 年和 2014 年对英格兰私人家庭中成年人精神病发病率进行的三次全国性调查。就业状况是主要的关注点。在这三次调查中，常见精神障碍（CMD）和组成症状均通过修订后的临床访谈表确定。协变量包括相同的人口、社会和身体健康测量。结果 2007 年，非就业与 CMD 之间存在明显关联（几率比 2.66 [95% CI：1.02-7.83]），但 2000 年或 2014 年，非就业与 CMD 之间没有明显关联。在对身体健康相关因素进行调整后，非就业与慢性阻塞性肺病之间的关系出现了最大程度的衰减。在综合样本中，非就业与自我报告的认知困难（OR 1.25，1.01-1.61）、抑郁想法（1.30，1.01-1.67）、担忧（1.30，1.01-1.68）和焦虑（1.27，1.00-1.64）等构成慢性阻塞性肺病症状的相关性最强。结论目前尚不清楚法定退休年龄后就业是否与更好的心理健康有关，而且相关性可能与特定症状有关。鉴于鼓励老年劳动者继续活跃于劳动力市场的政策，需要对有偿工作与心理健康及其他结果之间的相互关系进行更多的研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

2.50%

发文量

168

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The rapidly increasing world population of aged people has led to a growing need to focus attention on the problems of mental disorder in late life. The aim of the Journal is to communicate the results of original research in the causes, treatment and care of all forms of mental disorder which affect the elderly. The Journal is of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, social scientists, nurses and others engaged in therapeutic professions, together with general neurobiological researchers. The Journal provides an international perspective on the important issue of geriatric psychiatry, and contributions are published from countries throughout the world. Topics covered include epidemiology of mental disorders in old age, clinical aetiological research, post-mortem pathological and neurochemical studies, treatment trials and evaluation of geriatric psychiatry services.