Identification of genomic regions associated with fatty acid metabolism across blood, liver, backfat and muscle in pigs

IF 3.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Genetics Selection Evolution Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1186/s12711-024-00933-3
Junhui Liu, Cristina Sebastià, Teodor Jové-Juncà, Raquel Quintanilla, Olga González-Rodríguez, Magí Passols, Anna Castelló, Armand Sánchez, Maria Ballester, Josep M. Folch
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Abstract

The composition and distribution of fatty acids (FA) are important factors determining the quality, flavor, and nutrient value of meat. In addition, FAs synthesized in the body participate in energy metabolism and are involved in different regulatory pathways in the form of signaling molecules or by acting as agonist or antagonist ligands of different nuclear receptors. Finally, synthesis and catabolism of FAs affect adaptive immunity by regulating lymphocyte metabolism. The present study performed genome-wide association studies using FA profiles of blood, liver, backfat and muscle from 432 commercial Duroc pigs. Twenty-five genomic regions located on 15 Sus scrofa chromosomes (SSC) were detected. Annotation of the quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions identified 49 lipid metabolism-related candidate genes. Among these QTLs, four were identified in more than one tissue. The ratio of C20:4n-6/C20:3n-6 was associated with the region on SSC2 at 7.56–14.26 Mb for backfat, liver, and muscle. Members of the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster (FADS1, FADS2, and FADS3) are the most promising candidate genes in this region. Two QTL regions on SSC14 (103.81–115.64 Mb and 100.91–128.14 Mb) were identified for FA desaturation in backfat and muscle. In addition, two separate regions on SSC9 at 0 – 14.55 Mb and on SSC12 at 0–1.91 Mb were both associated with the same multiple FA traits for backfat, with candidate genes involved in de novo FA synthesis and triacylglycerol (TAG) metabolism, such as DGAT2 and FASN. The ratio C20:0/C18:0 was associated with the region on SSC5 at 64.84–78.32 Mb for backfat. Furthermore, the association of the C16:0 content with the region at 118.92–123.95 Mb on SSC4 was blood specific. Finally, candidate genes involved in de novo lipogenesis regulate T cell differentiation and promote the generation of palmitoleate, an adipokine that alleviates inflammation. Several SNPs and candidate genes were associated with lipid metabolism in blood, liver, backfat, and muscle. These results contribute to elucidating the molecular mechanisms implicated in the determination of the FA profile in different pig tissues and can be useful in selection programs that aim to improve health and energy metabolism in pigs.
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鉴定猪血液、肝脏、背脂和肌肉中与脂肪酸代谢相关的基因组区域
脂肪酸(FA)的组成和分布是决定肉类品质、风味和营养价值的重要因素。此外,体内合成的脂肪酸参与能量代谢,并以信号分子的形式或作为不同核受体的激动剂或拮抗剂配体参与不同的调节途径。最后,FAs 的合成和分解通过调节淋巴细胞的新陈代谢影响适应性免疫。本研究利用 432 头商品杜洛克猪的血液、肝脏、背膘和肌肉的脂肪酸谱进行了全基因组关联研究。研究检测了位于 15 条苏氏猪染色体(SSC)上的 25 个基因组区域。定量性状位点(QTL)区域的注释确定了 49 个脂质代谢相关的候选基因。在这些 QTLs 中,有 4 个在一个以上的组织中被发现。在背脂、肝脏和肌肉中,C20:4n-6/C20:3n-6的比例与SSC2上7.56-14.26 Mb的区域相关。脂肪酸去饱和酶基因簇成员(FADS1、FADS2 和 FADS3)是该区域最有希望的候选基因。在 SSC14 上的两个 QTL 区域(103.81-115.64 Mb 和 100.91-128.14 Mb)鉴定出了背脂和肌肉中脂肪酸脱饱和的基因。此外,SSC9上0-14.55 Mb和SSC12上0-1.91 Mb的两个独立区域都与背脂中相同的多种FA性状相关,候选基因涉及从头FA合成和三酰甘油(TAG)代谢,如DGAT2和FASN。C20:0/C18:0的比例与背脂的SSC5上64.84-78.32 Mb的区域相关。此外,C16:0 含量与 SSC4 上 118.92-123.95 Mb 区域的关联具有血液特异性。最后,参与新脂肪生成的候选基因能调节 T 细胞分化并促进棕榈油酸盐的生成,棕榈油酸盐是一种能缓解炎症的脂肪因子。一些 SNP 和候选基因与血液、肝脏、背脂和肌肉中的脂质代谢有关。这些结果有助于阐明决定不同猪组织中FA概况的分子机制,并有助于旨在改善猪的健康和能量代谢的选育计划。
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来源期刊
Genetics Selection Evolution
Genetics Selection Evolution 生物-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
9.80%
发文量
74
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Genetics Selection Evolution invites basic, applied and methodological content that will aid the current understanding and the utilization of genetic variability in domestic animal species. Although the focus is on domestic animal species, research on other species is invited if it contributes to the understanding of the use of genetic variability in domestic animals. Genetics Selection Evolution publishes results from all levels of study, from the gene to the quantitative trait, from the individual to the population, the breed or the species. Contributions concerning both the biological approach, from molecular genetics to quantitative genetics, as well as the mathematical approach, from population genetics to statistics, are welcome. Specific areas of interest include but are not limited to: gene and QTL identification, mapping and characterization, analysis of new phenotypes, high-throughput SNP data analysis, functional genomics, cytogenetics, genetic diversity of populations and breeds, genetic evaluation, applied and experimental selection, genomic selection, selection efficiency, and statistical methodology for the genetic analysis of phenotypes with quantitative and mixed inheritance.
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