Jofre Mañosa, Adrian Alvarez-Coscojuela, Alex Maldonado-Alameda, Josep Maria Chimenos
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This research investigates the mechanical activation of kaolin as a supplementary cementitious material at the laboratory scale, aiming to optimize milling parameters using the response surface methodology. The study evaluated the effects of rotation speed and milling time on the amorphous phase content, the reduction in crystalline kaolinite, and impurity incorporation into the activated clay through the Rietveld method. The results demonstrated that adjusting milling parameters effectively enhanced clay activation, which is crucial for its use in low-carbon cements. High rotation speeds (300/350 rpm) and prolonged grinding times (90/120 min) in a planetary ball mill increased the pozzolanic activity by boosting the formation of amorphous phases from kaolinite and illite and reducing the particle size. However, the results evidenced that intermediate milling parameters are sufficient for reaching substantial degrees of amorphization and pozzolanic activity, avoiding the need for intensive grinding. Exceedingly aggressive milling introduced impurities like ZrO2 from the milling equipment wear, underscoring the need for a balanced approach to optimizing reactivity while minimizing impurities, energy consumption, and equipment wear. Achieving this balance is essential for efficient mechanical activation, ensuring the prepared clay's suitability as supplementary cementitious materials without excessive costs or compromised equipment integrity.
期刊介绍:
Materials (ISSN 1996-1944) is an open access journal of related scientific research and technology development. It publishes reviews, regular research papers (articles) and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Materials provides a forum for publishing papers which advance the in-depth understanding of the relationship between the structure, the properties or the functions of all kinds of materials. Chemical syntheses, chemical structures and mechanical, chemical, electronic, magnetic and optical properties and various applications will be considered.