{"title":"Subclinical atherosclerosis and brain health in midlife: Rationale and design of the PESA-Brain study","authors":"Catarina Tristão-Pereira PhD , Valentin Fuster MD, PhD , Alejandro Lopez-Jimenez MD , Alberto Fernández-Pena PhD , Aurora Semerano MD , Irene Fernandez-Nueda RT , Ines Garcia-Lunar MD, PhD , Carmen Ayuso MD, PhD , Javier Sanchez-Gonzalez PhD , Borja Ibanez MD, PhD , Juan Domingo Gispert PhD , Marta Cortes-Canteli PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ahj.2024.09.028","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Rationale</h3><div>Cognitive decline and dementia have been reportedly linked to atherosclerosis, the main cause of cardiovascular disease. Cohort studies identifying early brain alterations associated with subclinical atherosclerosis are warranted to understand the potential of prevention strategies before cerebral damage becomes symptomatic and irreversible.</div></div><div><h3>Methods & design</h3><div>The Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study is a longitudinal observational cohort study that recruited 4,184 asymptomatic middle-aged individuals (40-54 years) in 2010 in Madrid (Spain) to thoroughly characterize subclinical atherosclerosis development over time. In this framework, the PESA-Brain study has been designed to identify early structural, functional and vascular brain changes associated with midlife atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors. The PESA-Brain study targets 1,000 participants at the 10-year follow-up PESA visit and consists of thorough neuropsychological testing, advanced multimodal neuroimaging, and quantification of blood-based neuropathological biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Primary hypothesis</h3><div>We hypothesize that, in middle-age, the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and a high burden of subclinical atherosclerosis will be associated with structural, functional and vascular brain alterations, greater amyloid burden and subtle cognitive impairment. We further hypothesize that the link between subclinical atherosclerosis and poor brain health in midlife will be mediated by cerebrovascular pathology and intracranial atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Enrollment dates</h3><div>The PESA-Brain study started in October 2020 and is estimated to be completed by December 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study is in a unique position to unveil novel relationships between cardiovascular and brain alterations in the health-to-disease transition, which may have important implications for interventional and therapeutic approaches.</div><div><em>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:</em> NCT01410318.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7868,"journal":{"name":"American heart journal","volume":"278 ","pages":"Pages 195-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American heart journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002870324002618","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rationale
Cognitive decline and dementia have been reportedly linked to atherosclerosis, the main cause of cardiovascular disease. Cohort studies identifying early brain alterations associated with subclinical atherosclerosis are warranted to understand the potential of prevention strategies before cerebral damage becomes symptomatic and irreversible.
Methods & design
The Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study is a longitudinal observational cohort study that recruited 4,184 asymptomatic middle-aged individuals (40-54 years) in 2010 in Madrid (Spain) to thoroughly characterize subclinical atherosclerosis development over time. In this framework, the PESA-Brain study has been designed to identify early structural, functional and vascular brain changes associated with midlife atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors. The PESA-Brain study targets 1,000 participants at the 10-year follow-up PESA visit and consists of thorough neuropsychological testing, advanced multimodal neuroimaging, and quantification of blood-based neuropathological biomarkers.
Primary hypothesis
We hypothesize that, in middle-age, the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and a high burden of subclinical atherosclerosis will be associated with structural, functional and vascular brain alterations, greater amyloid burden and subtle cognitive impairment. We further hypothesize that the link between subclinical atherosclerosis and poor brain health in midlife will be mediated by cerebrovascular pathology and intracranial atherosclerosis.
Enrollment dates
The PESA-Brain study started in October 2020 and is estimated to be completed by December 2024.
Conclusion
This study is in a unique position to unveil novel relationships between cardiovascular and brain alterations in the health-to-disease transition, which may have important implications for interventional and therapeutic approaches.
期刊介绍：
The American Heart Journal will consider for publication suitable articles on topics pertaining to the broad discipline of cardiovascular disease. Our goal is to provide the reader primary investigation, scholarly review, and opinion concerning the practice of cardiovascular medicine. We especially encourage submission of 3 types of reports that are not frequently seen in cardiovascular journals: negative clinical studies, reports on study designs, and studies involving the organization of medical care. The Journal does not accept individual case reports or original articles involving bench laboratory or animal research.
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