Vegetation community recovery on restored bottomland hardwood forests in northeast Indiana, USA

IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI:10.1002/ieam.4993
Matthew A. Struckhoff, Keith W. Grabner, Janice L. Albers, Michael J. Hooper
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Abstract

Vegetation communities in restored bottomland hardwood forests in northeast Indiana were studied 6–21 years after restoration to assess progress toward restoration objectives. The study focused on four sites that were restored to compensate for resource injuries after contaminant releases. The restored sites were compared with four reference-site conditions, including crops (prerestoration condition), old field communities representing a no-management alternative, locally sampled second-growth mature forests, and forest community types described by the US National Vegetation Classification (USNVC), which represent ideal or defining conditions of recognized vegetation communities. Fixed-area plots provided data on field-sampled environmental variables, vegetation, soil, and hydrological conditions for crops, old fields, restored areas, and mature forests. The USNVC database provided quantitative data for three historically and geographically relevant reference forest community types for comparison with the sampled communities. Results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling based on species cover revealed clear gradients relating to site age and canopy development. Along those gradients, restored areas demonstrated increasing similarity to mature forest reference communities in terms of floristic composition. Specifically, the floristic quality of restored areas was significantly greater than that of crops and old fields. Furthermore, soil health measurements of physical, chemical, and hydrological conditions indicated significant improvements in restored site soils compared with prerestoration conditions represented by cropland soils. Descriptions and data from the USNVC provided ecological context for restoration target conditions and facilitated the assessment of restoration recovery along a trajectory from starting conditions to those target conditions. Descriptions by USNVC also helped identify deviations from the intended restoration objectives (e.g., invasive species recruitment) and potential adaptive management actions to return sites to their intended trajectories. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1917–1938. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

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美国印第安纳州东北部底层阔叶林恢复后的植被群落恢复情况。
在印第安纳州东北部,对恢复 6-21 年后的底层硬木森林植被群落进行了研究,以评估在实现恢复目标方面取得的进展。研究主要集中在四个地点,这些地点在污染物释放后进行了恢复,以弥补资源损失。将恢复后的地点与四种参考地点条件进行了比较,包括农作物(恢复前条件)、代表无管理替代方案的老田地群落、当地取样的次生成熟林以及美国国家植被分类(USNVC)描述的森林群落类型,后者代表了公认植被群落的理想或定义条件。固定区域地块提供了农作物、老田、恢复区和成熟森林的实地采样环境变量、植被、土壤和水文条件数据。USNVC 数据库提供了三种历史上和地理上相关的参考森林群落类型的定量数据,以便与采样群落进行比较。基于物种覆盖率的非度量多维缩放结果显示,与场地年龄和树冠发展有关的梯度非常明显。沿着这些梯度,恢复区域在花卉组成方面与成熟森林参照群落的相似度越来越高。具体来说,恢复区的植物质量明显高于农作物和老田地。此外,物理、化学和水文条件的土壤健康测量结果表明,与恢复前的耕地土壤状况相比,恢复区的土壤有了显著改善。USNVC 的描述和数据为恢复目标条件提供了生态背景,并有助于评估从起始条件到目标条件的恢复轨迹。USNVC 的描述还有助于确定与预期恢复目标之间的偏差(如入侵物种的繁殖),以及可能采取的适应性管理措施,使恢复地点回到预期轨迹。Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-22.发表于 2024 年。本文为美国政府著作,在美国属于公共领域。综合环境评估与管理》由 Wiley Periodicals LLC 代表环境毒理学与化学学会 (SETAC) 出版。
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来源期刊
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESTOXICOLOGY&nbs-TOXICOLOGY
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
6.50%
发文量
156
期刊介绍: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM) publishes the science underpinning environmental decision making and problem solving. Papers submitted to IEAM must link science and technical innovations to vexing regional or global environmental issues in one or more of the following core areas: Science-informed regulation, policy, and decision making Health and ecological risk and impact assessment Restoration and management of damaged ecosystems Sustaining ecosystems Managing large-scale environmental change Papers published in these broad fields of study are connected by an array of interdisciplinary engineering, management, and scientific themes, which collectively reflect the interconnectedness of the scientific, social, and environmental challenges facing our modern global society: Methods for environmental quality assessment; forecasting across a number of ecosystem uses and challenges (systems-based, cost-benefit, ecosystem services, etc.); measuring or predicting ecosystem change and adaptation Approaches that connect policy and management tools; harmonize national and international environmental regulation; merge human well-being with ecological management; develop and sustain the function of ecosystems; conceptualize, model and apply concepts of spatial and regional sustainability Assessment and management frameworks that incorporate conservation, life cycle, restoration, and sustainability; considerations for climate-induced adaptation, change and consequences, and vulnerability Environmental management applications using risk-based approaches; considerations for protecting and fostering biodiversity, as well as enhancement or protection of ecosystem services and resiliency.
期刊最新文献
Issue Information Books and Other Reviews The postmodern era of environmental regulation Studies to assess natural resource recovery and evaluate monitoring methods for restored bottomland hardwood forests Vegetation community recovery on restored bottomland hardwood forests in northeast Indiana, USA
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