Parasite β-diversity along a stream: effect of distance and environment.

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY International journal for parasitology Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpara.2024.09.002
Verónica Taglioretti, María Alejandra Rossin, Eugenia Levy, Juan Tomás Timi
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Abstract

Parasites can provide suitable models for studying β-diversity due to their strict dependence on both the environment and the biology and distribution of their hosts, aiding in the interpretation of any patterns that hosts can display. With the aim of quantifying the relative importance of host features, environmental factors and spatial distances as drivers of fish parasite β-diversity along a unidirectional gradient, the structure of fish parasite assemblages was analysed using generalised dissimilarity models (GDMs). A total of 150 poeciliid fish were examined for larval trematodes, recording host features and physical parameters of each sampling site along the stream. Differences among digenean communities increased when Strahler order changed along the stream, associated with increasing species richness and abundance downstream. Environmental gradient, spatial distance and host features were identified as significant determining factors of species turnover, with conductivity being the most important, followed by spatial distance. In the present study, environmental variables were spatially structured along the stream, their effects as structurers of parasite β-diversity being higher than the pure environmental or the pure distance effect. Such predominance prevents us from establishing at what point on the continuum from niche to neutrality these communities are located. Results from the present research contribute to improving our knowledge of the factors that shape parasite community changes, and underline the importance of considering the pure and shared effects of spatial, environmental and host feature factors in order to determine the real contribution of each one as a determinant of parasite β- diversity.

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溪流寄生虫的β多样性:距离和环境的影响。
由于寄生虫严格依赖于环境及其宿主的生物学和分布,因此寄生虫可以为研究β多样性提供合适的模型,有助于解释宿主可能显示的任何模式。为了量化宿主特征、环境因素和空间距离作为单向梯度鱼类寄生虫β多样性驱动因素的相对重要性,我们使用广义相似性模型(GDMs)分析了鱼类寄生虫群的结构。共对 150 条poeciliid 鱼进行了幼虫吸虫检查,并记录了溪流沿岸每个采样点的寄主特征和物理参数。当溪流的斯特雷勒顺序发生变化时,地衣类群落之间的差异也随之增加,这与下游物种丰富度和丰度的增加有关。环境梯度、空间距离和寄主特征被认为是物种更替的重要决定因素,其中电导率最为重要,空间距离次之。在本研究中,环境变量沿溪流呈空间结构分布,它们对寄生虫 β 多样性的影响高于纯环境或纯距离的影响。这种优势使我们无法确定这些群落位于从利基到中性的连续统一体的哪一个点上。本研究的结果有助于提高我们对影响寄生虫群落变化的因素的认识,并强调了考虑空间、环境和宿主特征因素的纯效应和共同效应的重要性,以便确定每种因素作为寄生虫β多样性决定因素的真正贡献。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
2.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
23 days
期刊介绍: International Journal for Parasitology offers authors the option to sponsor nonsubscriber access to their articles on Elsevier electronic publishing platforms. For more information please view our Sponsored Articles page. The International Journal for Parasitology publishes the results of original research in all aspects of basic and applied parasitology, including all the fields covered by its Specialist Editors, and ranging from parasites and host-parasite relationships of intrinsic biological interest to those of social and economic importance in human and veterinary medicine and agriculture.
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